महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-66, verse-6

शिरसां पात्यमानानां समरे निशितैः शरैः ।
अश्मवृष्टिरिवाकाशे बभूव भरतर्षभ ॥६॥

6. śirasāṁ pātyamānānāṁ samare niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
aśmavṛṣṭirivākāśe babhūva bharatarṣabha.

6. śirasām pātyamānānām samare niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
aśmavṛṣṭiḥ iva ākāśe babhūva bharatarṣabha

6. bharatarṣabha samare niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ pātyamānānām
śirasām ākāśe aśmavṛṣṭiḥ iva babhūva

6. O best among Bharatas, in battle, the heads that were being struck down by sharp arrows became like a rain of stones in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• शिरसाम् (śirasām) - of heads

• पात्यमानानाम् (pātyamānānām) - of those being made to fall, of those being struck down

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• अश्मवृष्टिः (aśmavṛṣṭiḥ) - rain of stones, shower of stones

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best among Bharatas

Words meanings and morphology

शिरसाम् (śirasām) - of heads

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top

पात्यमानानाम् (pātyamānānām) - of those being made to fall, of those being struck down

(participle)

Genitive, neuter, plural of pātyamāna

pātyamāna - being caused to fall, being felled, being struck down

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the causative form of the root 'pat' (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śirasām'.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Root: mṛ (class 1)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, whetted, sharp, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śo' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 6)

अश्मवृष्टिः (aśmavṛṣṭiḥ) - rain of stones, shower of stones

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aśmavṛṣṭi

aśmavṛṣṭi - rain of stones, shower of stones

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśman+vṛṣṭi)

• aśman – stone, rock, thunderbolt
  noun (masculine)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower, downpour
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'vṛṣ' (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'babhūva'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

Root: kāś (class 1)

बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect tense (Liṭ Lakāra), 3rd person singular

Reduplicated form of the root 'bhū'

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'aśmavṛṣṭiḥ'.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best among Bharatas

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of the Bharatas, best among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – name of an ancient king, a descendant of Bharata, a member of the Bharata lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)