महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-66, verse-14

क्रोशन्ति कुञ्जरास्तत्र शरवर्षप्रतापिताः ।
तावकानां परेषां च संयुगे भरतोत्तम ।
अश्वाश्च पर्यधावन्त हतारोहा दिशो दश ॥१४॥

14. krośanti kuñjarāstatra śaravarṣapratāpitāḥ ,
tāvakānāṁ pareṣāṁ ca saṁyuge bharatottama ,
aśvāśca paryadhāvanta hatārohā diśo daśa.

14. krośanti kuñjarāḥ tatra
śaravarṣapratāpitāḥ tāvakānām pareṣām ca
saṃyuge bharatotama aśvāḥ ca
paryadhāvanta hatārohāḥ diśaḥ daśa

14. bharatotama tatra tāvakānām ca
pareṣām ca saṃyuge śaravarṣapratāpitāḥ
kuñjarāḥ krośanti hatārohāḥ
aśvāḥ ca daśa diśaḥ paryadhāvanta

14. O best of Bharatas (Bharatotama), in that battle (saṃyuga) between your forces and the enemies', elephants, tormented by a shower of arrows, cried out. Horses, with their riders slain, galloped in all ten directions.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोशन्ति (krośanti) - cry out, scream, roar

• कुञ्जराः (kuñjarāḥ) - elephants

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• शरवर्षप्रतापिताः (śaravarṣapratāpitāḥ) - tormented by a rain of arrows

• तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your side, of your people

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the others, of the enemies

• च (ca) - and

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

• भरतोतम (bharatotama) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas)

• अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

• च (ca) - and

• पर्यधावन्त (paryadhāvanta) - ran around, galloped around

• हतारोहाः (hatārohāḥ) - with riders killed/slain

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• दश (daśa) - ten

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोशन्ति (krośanti) - cry out, scream, roar

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kruś

Present Active

Root verb in present indicative, active voice.

Root: √kruś (class 1)

कुञ्जराः (kuñjarāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form derived from the pronominal stem 'tad'.

Root: tad

शरवर्षप्रतापिताः (śaravarṣapratāpitāḥ) - tormented by a rain of arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaravarṣapratāpita

śaravarṣapratāpita - tormented by a shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa+pratāpita)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √vṛṣ (to rain).
  Root: √vṛṣ (class 1)
• pratāpita – tormented, heated, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the causative of root √tap (to heat, torment) with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √tap (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kuñjarāḥ'.

तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your side, of your people

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your side

Possessive adjective derived from 'tva' (you).

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the others, of the enemies

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, alien, hostile, enemy, supreme

Note: Refers to the enemies' (Pāṇḍavas') forces.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, union, junction

Derived from root √yuj (to join) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: √yuj (class 7)

भरतोतम (bharatotama) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatotama

bharatotama - best among the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+uttama)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king, an actor
  proper noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पर्यधावन्त (paryadhāvanta) - ran around, galloped around

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural, imperfect indicative, active voice, with prefixes 'pari' and 'ad'. The initial 'a' is the augment for imperfect.

Prefixes: pari+ad

Root: √dhāv (class 1)

हतारोहाः (hatārohāḥ) - with riders killed/slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatāroha

hatāroha - having slain riders, with riders killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+āroha)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √han (to strike, kill).
  Root: √han (class 2)
• āroha – rider, one who mounts
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √ruh (to mount) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √ruh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'aśvāḥ'.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass

Note: Direct object of 'paryadhāvanta'.

दश (daśa) - ten

(indeclinable)

Cardinal number.