महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-66, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
अकरोत्तुमुलं युद्धं भीष्मः शांतनवस्तदा ।
भीमसेनभयादिच्छन्पुत्रांस्तारयितुं तव ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
akarottumulaṁ yuddhaṁ bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavastadā ,
bhīmasenabhayādicchanputrāṁstārayituṁ tava.

1. saṃjaya uvāca akarot tumulam yuddham bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ
tadā bhīmasenabhayāt icchan putrān tārayitum tava

1. saṃjaya uvāca tadā bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ bhīmasenabhayāt
tava putrān tārayitum icchan tumulam yuddham akarot

1. Sañjaya said: Then, Bhishma, the son of Śāntanu, desiring to save your sons from the terror of Bhīmasena, engaged in a tumultuous battle.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (name of Vyasa's charioteer)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he made, he did, he fought

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhishma, as the son of Shantanu (son of Shantanu)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• भीमसेनभयात् (bhīmasenabhayāt) - from fear of Bhimasena

• इच्छन् (icchan) - desiring, wishing

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• तारयितुम् (tārayitum) - to save, to make cross over

• तव (tava) - your

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (name of Vyasa's charioteer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac; Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

अकरोत् (akarot) - he made, he did, he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Active

Root kṛ; Imperfect 3rd person singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, agitated, fierce

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

From root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior)

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhishma, as the son of Shantanu (son of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant of Shantanu, Bhishma

Patronymic from Śāntanu

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

भीमसेनभयात् (bhīmasenabhayāt) - from fear of Bhimasena

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhīmasenabhaya

bhīmasenabhaya - fear of Bhimasena

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhīmasena+bhaya)

• bhīmasena – Bhimasena (name of a Pandava hero)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread, terror
  noun (neuter)

इच्छन् (icchan) - desiring, wishing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing, wanting

Present Active Participle

Root iṣ (to wish); present active participle, nominative singular masculine

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'bhīṣmaḥ'

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

तारयितुम् (tārayitum) - to save, to make cross over

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Causative of root tṛ (to cross)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you