महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-66, verse-15

उत्पत्य निपतन्त्यन्ये शरघातप्रपीडिताः ।
तावकानां परेषां च योधानां भरतर्षभ ॥१५॥

15. utpatya nipatantyanye śaraghātaprapīḍitāḥ ,
tāvakānāṁ pareṣāṁ ca yodhānāṁ bharatarṣabha.

15. utpatya nipatanti anye śaraghātaprapīḍitāḥ
tāvakānām pareṣām ca yodhānām bharatarṣabha

15. bharatarṣabha tāvakānām ca pareṣām ca yodhānām
anye śaraghātaprapīḍitāḥ utpatya nipatanti

15. O bull among Bharatas (Bharatārṣabha), other warriors, both from your side and the enemies', leapt up and fell down, severely afflicted by arrow shots.

15. אחרים קפצו ונפלו, מעונים ממכות החצים, בין לוחמיך ולוחמי האויב, הו אדיר בְּהַרַטַה.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having jumped up, leaping up

• निपतन्ति (nipatanti) - they fall down, they drop

• अन्ये (anye) - other warriors (others, other ones)

• शरघातप्रपीडिताः (śaraghātaprapīḍitāḥ) - severely afflicted/tormented by arrow-blows

• तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your side, of your people

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the others, of the enemies

• च (ca) - and

• योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of warriors, of soldiers

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O bull among Bharatas, O best of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having jumped up, leaping up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form from root √pat with prefix 'ut'.

Prefix: ut

Root: √pat (class 1)

निपतन्ति (nipatanti) - they fall down, they drop

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Present Active

3rd person plural, present indicative, active voice, with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: √pat (class 1)

अन्ये (anye) - other warriors (others, other ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

शरघातप्रपीडिताः (śaraghātaprapīḍitāḥ) - severely afflicted/tormented by arrow-blows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaraghātaprapīḍita

śaraghātaprapīḍita - severely tormented by arrow-blows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ghāta+prapīḍita)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ghāta – blow, stroke, killing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √han (to strike, kill).
  Root: √han (class 2)
• prapīḍita – severely afflicted, tormented, oppressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √pīḍ (to oppress, torment) with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'anye'.

तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your side, of your people

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your side

Possessive adjective derived from 'tva' (you).

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the others, of the enemies

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, alien, hostile, enemy, supreme

Note: Refers to the enemies' (Pāṇḍavas') forces.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of warriors, of soldiers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, soldier, fighter

Derived from root √yudh (to fight).

Root: √yudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'tāvakānām' and 'pareṣām'.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O bull among Bharatas, O best of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king, an actor
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

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