महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-5, verse-21

यस्य भूमिस्तस्य सर्वं जगत्स्थावरजङ्गमम् ।
तत्राभिगृद्धा राजानो विनिघ्नन्तीतरेतरम् ॥२१॥

21. yasya bhūmistasya sarvaṁ jagatsthāvarajaṅgamam ,
tatrābhigṛddhā rājāno vinighnantītaretaram.

21. yasya bhūmiḥ tasya sarvam jagat sthāvarajaṅgamam
| tatra abhigṛddhā rājānaḥ vinighnanti itaretaram

21. yasya bhūmiḥ tasya sarvam sthāvarajaṅgamam jagat
tatra abhigṛddhā rājānaḥ itaretaram vinighnanti

21. To whom the earth belongs, to him belongs the entire world, both animate and inanimate. Because of their extreme greed for it, kings kill one another there.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth, land

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what moves

• स्थावरजङ्गमम् (sthāvarajaṅgamam) - consisting of movables and immovables, animate and inanimate

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that matter, in this context

• अभिगृद्धा (abhigṛddhā) - extremely greedy, highly covetous

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• विनिघ्नन्ति (vinighnanti) - kill, destroy, strike down, fight

• इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - each other, mutually

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which

Note: Relative pronoun.

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth, land

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yasya'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Agrees with 'jagat'.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what moves

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, what moves, living beings

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) in reduplicated form, functioning as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Often used as a noun for 'the world'.

स्थावरजङ्गमम् (sthāvarajaṅgamam) - consisting of movables and immovables, animate and inanimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthāvarajaṅgama

sthāvarajaṅgama - movable and immovable, animate and inanimate

Compound type : dvandva (sthāvara+jaṅgama)

• sthāvara – immovable, stationary (e.g., plants, mountains)
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• jaṅgama – movable, animate (e.g., animals)
  adjective (masculine)
  Intensive/Frequentative Present Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'jagat'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that matter, in this context

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the earth or the context of owning it.

अभिगृद्धा (abhigṛddhā) - extremely greedy, highly covetous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhigṛddha

abhigṛddha - extremely greedy, covetous

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gṛdh' (to covet) with upasarga 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'rājānaḥ'.

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of 'vinighnanti'.

विनिघ्नन्ति (vinighnanti) - kill, destroy, strike down, fight

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of han

Root 'han' with upasarga 'vi', forming 'vihan'. Reduplicated for present tense. 'ghnan' is the stem for 3rd person plural.

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - each other, mutually

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of itaretara

itaretara - each other, mutual

Compound type : dvandva (itara+itara)

• itara – other, another
  pronoun (masculine)
• itara – other, another
  pronoun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an object for 'vinighnanti', indicating reciprocal action.