महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-5, verse-18

एषां विंशतिरेकोना महाभूतेषु पञ्चसु ।
चतुर्विंशतिरुद्दिष्टा गायत्री लोकसंमता ॥१८॥

18. eṣāṁ viṁśatirekonā mahābhūteṣu pañcasu ,
caturviṁśatiruddiṣṭā gāyatrī lokasaṁmatā.

18. eṣām viṃśatiḥ ekonā mahābhūteṣu pañcasu |
caturviṃśatiḥ uddiṣṭā gāyatrī lokasaṃmatā

18. eṣām pañcasu mahābhūteṣu ekonā viṃśatiḥ
lokasaṃmatā gāyatrī caturviṃśatiḥ uddiṣṭā

18. Among these, nineteen [categories] are present within the five great elements (mahābhūta). The Gāyatrī, universally acknowledged, is declared to be twenty-four.

Words meanings summery:

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these, among these

• विंशतिः (viṁśatiḥ) - twenty

• एकोना (ekonā) - lacking one, minus one, nineteen

• महाभूतेषु (mahābhūteṣu) - among the great elements, in the great elements

• पञ्चसु (pañcasu) - in/among the five

• चतुर्विंशतिः (caturviṁśatiḥ) - twenty-four

• उद्दिष्टा (uddiṣṭā) - declared, designated, indicated

• गायत्री (gāyatrī) - Gāyatrī (a sacred Vedic meter, a mantra, a goddess)

• लोकसंमता (lokasaṁmatā) - universally accepted, approved by people

Words meanings and morphology

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these, among these

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to previously mentioned or implied entities.

विंशतिः (viṁśatiḥ) - twenty

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viṃśati

viṁśati - twenty

एकोना (ekonā) - lacking one, minus one, nineteen

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ekona

ekona - minus one, lacking one

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (eka+ūna)

• eka – one
  numeral (masculine)
• ūna – less, deficient, lacking
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with viṃśati.

महाभूतेषु (mahābhūteṣu) - among the great elements, in the great elements

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of mahābhūta

mahābhūta - great element, gross element (earth, water, fire, air, ether)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+bhūta)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• bhūta – element, being, creature, what has been
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'bhū' (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

पञ्चसु (pañcasu) - in/among the five

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with mahābhūteṣu.

चतुर्विंशतिः (caturviṁśatiḥ) - twenty-four

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of caturviṃśati

caturviṁśati - twenty-four

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (catur+viṃśati)

• catur – four
  numeral
• viṃśati – twenty
  noun (feminine)

उद्दिष्टा (uddiṣṭā) - declared, designated, indicated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of uddiṣṭa

uddiṣṭa - declared, designated, indicated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'diś' with upasarga 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with Gāyatrī.

गायत्री (gāyatrī) - Gāyatrī (a sacred Vedic meter, a mantra, a goddess)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gāyatrī

gāyatrī - Gāyatrī (name of a Vedic meter, a sacred mantra, a goddess)

लोकसंमता (lokasaṁmatā) - universally accepted, approved by people

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of lokasaṃmata

lokasaṁmata - approved by people, universally accepted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'man' with upasarga 'sam', forming 'saṃmata', then compounded with 'loka'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+saṃmata)

• loka – world, people
  noun (masculine)
• saṃmata – approved, esteemed, agreed upon
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'man' (to think) with upasarga 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with Gāyatrī.