महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-6, verse-1

द्रुपद उवाच ।
भूतानां प्राणिनः श्रेष्ठाः प्राणिनां बुद्धिजीविनः ।
बुद्धिमत्सु नराः श्रेष्ठा नराणां तु द्विजातयः ॥१॥

1. drupada uvāca ,
bhūtānāṁ prāṇinaḥ śreṣṭhāḥ prāṇināṁ buddhijīvinaḥ ,
buddhimatsu narāḥ śreṣṭhā narāṇāṁ tu dvijātayaḥ.

1. drupadaḥ uvāca | bhūtānām prāṇinaḥ śreṣṭhāḥ prāṇinām
buddhi-jīvinaḥ | buddhimatsu narāḥ śreṣṭhā narāṇām tu dvijātayaḥ

1. Drupada said: Among all creatures (bhūta), living beings (prāṇin) are superior. Among living beings, those who live by intelligence are superior. Among the intelligent, humans (nara) are superior. And among humans, the twice-born (dvijāti) are superior.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - among creatures, of beings

• प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - living beings, those with breath

• श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - superior, excellent, best

• प्राणिनाम् (prāṇinām) - among living beings, of living beings

• बुद्धि-जीविनः (buddhi-jīvinaḥ) - those who live by intelligence

• बुद्धिमत्सु (buddhimatsu) - among the intelligent

• नराः (narāḥ) - humans, men

• श्रेष्ठा (śreṣṭhā) - superior, excellent, best

• नराणाम् (narāṇām) - among humans, of humans

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, and

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (dvijāti)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - Drupada (a proper name, King of Pañcāla)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - among creatures, of beings

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, ghost

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of √bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: genitive plural, indicating 'among'

प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - living beings, those with breath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṇin

prāṇin - living, animate, living being

from prāṇa (breath) + -in suffix

श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - superior, excellent, best

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, foremost, superior

superlative of praśasya (excellent)

प्राणिनाम् (prāṇinām) - among living beings, of living beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prāṇin

prāṇin - living, animate, living being

from prāṇa (breath) + -in suffix

Note: genitive plural, indicating 'among'

बुद्धि-जीविनः (buddhi-jīvinaḥ) - those who live by intelligence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of buddhi-jīvin

buddhi-jīvin - living by intelligence, intellectual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (buddhi+jīvin)

• buddhi – intelligence, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• jīvin – living, alive, one who lives
  adjective
  from √jīv (to live) + -in suffix
  Root: jīv (class 1)

बुद्धिमत्सु (buddhimatsu) - among the intelligent

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise

from buddhi + -mat suffix

Note: locative plural, indicating 'among'

नराः (narāḥ) - humans, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human

श्रेष्ठा (śreṣṭhā) - superior, excellent, best

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, foremost, superior

superlative of praśasya (excellent)

नराणाम् (narāṇām) - among humans, of humans

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human

Note: genitive plural, indicating 'among'

तु (tu) - but, indeed, and

(indeclinable)

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (dvijāti)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, class
  noun (feminine)
  from √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)