महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-55, verse-6

दुर्योधन उवाच ।
प्रशंसस्यभिनन्दंस्तान्पार्थानक्षपराजितान् ।
अर्जुनस्य रथे ब्रूहि कथमश्वाः कथं ध्वजः ॥६॥

6. duryodhana uvāca ,
praśaṁsasyabhinandaṁstānpārthānakṣaparājitān ,
arjunasya rathe brūhi kathamaśvāḥ kathaṁ dhvajaḥ.

6. duryodhanaḥ uvāca praśaṃsasi abhinandan tān pārthān
akṣaparājitān arjunasya rathe brūhi katham aśvāḥ katham dhvajaḥ

6. Duryodhana said: "You are praising and commending those sons of Pṛthā (Pārtha) who were defeated by dice. Tell me, how are the horses and what is the banner like on Arjuna's chariot?"

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• प्रशंससि (praśaṁsasi) - you praise, you laud

• अभिनन्दन् (abhinandan) - commending, delighting in, greeting

• तान् (tān) - those

• पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pāṇḍavas (Arjuna and his brothers) (sons of Pṛthā)

• अक्षपराजितान् (akṣaparājitān) - defeated by dice

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

• रथे (rathe) - on the chariot, in the chariot

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner, flag, standard

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रशंससि (praśaṁsasi) - you praise, you laud

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

अभिनन्दन् (abhinandan) - commending, delighting in, greeting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhinandat

abhinandat - commending, delighting in, greeting

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'nand' with prefix 'abhi-'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pāṇḍavas (Arjuna and his brothers) (sons of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā; a name for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kunti), mother of the Pāṇḍavas.

अक्षपराजितान् (akṣaparājitān) - defeated by dice

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of akṣaparājita

akṣaparājita - defeated by dice

Compound type : tatpurusha (akṣa+parājita)

• akṣa – dice, die
  noun (neuter)
• parājita – defeated, conquered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'ji' with prefix 'parā-'.
  Prefix: parā
  Root: ji (class 1)

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of one of the Pāṇḍava brothers); white, silvery

रथे (rathe) - on the chariot, in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner, flag, standard

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard, sign