महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-55, verse-4

तमपश्याम संनद्धं मेघं विद्युत्प्रभं यथा ।
स मन्त्रान्समभिध्याय हृष्यमाणोऽभ्यभाषत ॥४॥

4. tamapaśyāma saṁnaddhaṁ meghaṁ vidyutprabhaṁ yathā ,
sa mantrānsamabhidhyāya hṛṣyamāṇo'bhyabhāṣata.

4. tam apasyāma sannaddham megham vidyutprabham yathā
sa mantrān samabhidhyāya hṛṣyamāṇaḥ abhyabhāṣata

4. We saw him prepared, like a cloud radiant with lightning. He, meditating deeply on the sacred incantations (mantra), spoke with great joy.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अपस्याम (apasyāma) - we saw

• सन्नद्धम् (sannaddham) - prepared, armored, equipped

• मेघम् (megham) - cloud

• विद्युत्प्रभम् (vidyutprabham) - shining like lightning, radiant like lightning

• यथा (yathā) - as, like, just as

• स (sa) - he, that

• मन्त्रान् (mantrān) - sacred incantations, mantras

• समभिध्याय (samabhidhyāya) - having meditated deeply, having contemplated

• हृष्यमाणः (hṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - rejoicing, being joyful, thrilled

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he spoke, he addressed

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपस्याम (apasyāma) - we saw

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सन्नद्धम् (sannaddham) - prepared, armored, equipped

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sannaddha

sannaddha - prepared, armored, equipped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'nah' with prefix 'sam-'.

Prefix: sam

Root: nah (class 4)

मेघम् (megham) - cloud

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of megha

megha - cloud

विद्युत्प्रभम् (vidyutprabham) - shining like lightning, radiant like lightning

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidyutprabha

vidyutprabha - radiant like lightning

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vidyut+prabhā)

• vidyut – lightning
  noun (feminine)
• prabhā – light, radiance, splendor
  noun (feminine)

यथा (yathā) - as, like, just as

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मन्त्रान् (mantrān) - sacred incantations, mantras

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mantra

mantra - sacred incantation, hymn, charm; advice, counsel

Root: man (class 4)

समभिध्याय (samabhidhyāya) - having meditated deeply, having contemplated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'dhyā' with prefixes 'sam-' and 'abhi-'.

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: dhyā (class 1)

हृष्यमाणः (hṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - rejoicing, being joyful, thrilled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣyamāṇa

hṛṣyamāṇa - rejoicing, being joyful, thrilled

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root 'hṛṣ' with the 'śānac' suffix.

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he spoke, he addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhya-bhāṣ

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Prefix 'abhi-' and augment 'a-' for past tense.