महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-173, verse-1

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भीष्म उवाच ।
सा निष्क्रमन्ती नगराच्चिन्तयामास भारत ।
पृथिव्यां नास्ति युवतिर्विषमस्थतरा मया ।
बान्धवैर्विप्रहीनास्मि शाल्वेन च निराकृता ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
sā niṣkramantī nagarāccintayāmāsa bhārata ,
pṛthivyāṁ nāsti yuvatirviṣamasthatarā mayā ,
bāndhavairviprahīnāsmi śālvena ca nirākṛtā.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca sā niṣkramantī nagarāt
cintayāmāsa bhārata pṛthivyām na asti
yuvatiḥ viṣamasthatarā mayā bāndhavaiḥ
viprahīnā asmi śālvena ca nirākṛtā

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca: bhārata,
sā nagarāt niṣkramantī cintayāmāsa: "pṛthivyām mayā viṣamasthatarā yuvatiḥ na asti.
bāndhavaiḥ viprahīnā asmi ca śālvena nirākṛtā (asmi).
"

1. Bhishma spoke: 'O Bharata, as she was leaving the city, she reflected, "There is no young woman on earth more tragically situated than I. I am abandoned by my kin and rejected by Salva."'

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The speaker. (Bhishma)

उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma spoke. (he said, spoke)

सा (sā) - Referring to Amba. (she, that (feminine nominative singular))

निष्क्रमन्ती (niṣkramantī) - Describing Amba's action. (going out, departing (feminine nominative singular Present Active Participle))

नगरात् (nagarāt) - The city from which Amba was departing. (from the city)

चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - Amba's internal thoughts. (she thought, she reflected)

भारत (bhārata) - An address by Bhishma to Dhritarashtra or another Kuru prince in the narrative frame. (O descendant of Bharata (vocative))

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, in the world

न (na) - not, no

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

युवतिः (yuvatiḥ) - Amba refers to herself as a young woman. (young woman)

विषमस्थतरा (viṣamasthatarā) - Amba's comparative statement about her difficult predicament. (more poorly situated, more in a difficult situation (feminine nominative singular comparative adjective))

मया (mayā) - Used for comparison, "than I". (by me, than me (instrumental singular of 'I'))

बान्धवैः (bāndhavaiḥ) - The agents by whom she is deprived. (by relatives, by kinsmen)

विप्रहीना (viprahīnā) - Amba describes her state of being abandoned by family. (deprived, forsaken, abandoned (feminine nominative singular Past Passive Participle))

अस्मि (asmi) - Part of "I am deprived" and "I am rejected". (I am)

शाल्वेन (śālvena) - The agent who rejected her. (by Salva)

च (ca) - Connects the two reasons for her distress. (and, also)

निराकृता (nirākṛtā) - Amba describes being rejected by Salva. (rejected, refused, repudiated (feminine nominative singular Past Passive Participle))

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The speaker. (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma spoke. (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Root vac (2nd class) in perfect tense, irregular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

सा (sā) - Referring to Amba. (she, that (feminine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

निष्क्रमन्ती (niṣkramantī) - Describing Amba's action. (going out, departing (feminine nominative singular Present Active Participle))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niṣkram

niṣkram - to go out, exit, depart

Present Active Participle

Root kram (1st class) with upasarga nis, and present participle suffix -ant, feminine -antī.

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

नगरात् (nagarāt) - The city from which Amba was departing. (from the city)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - Amba's internal thoughts. (she thought, she reflected)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of cint

Perfect, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Causative stem cintaya + perfect āsa suffix, irregular form.

Root: cit (class 10)

भारत (bhārata) - An address by Bhishma to Dhritarashtra or another Kuru prince in the narrative frame. (O descendant of Bharata (vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Derived from Bharata.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Root as (2nd class) with present active ending.

Root: as (class 2)

युवतिः (yuvatiḥ) - Amba refers to herself as a young woman. (young woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yuvati

yuvati - young woman, maiden

विषमस्थतरा (viṣamasthatarā) - Amba's comparative statement about her difficult predicament. (more poorly situated, more in a difficult situation (feminine nominative singular comparative adjective))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viṣamasthatara

viṣamasthatara - more poorly situated, more in a difficult position

Comparative degree of viṣamastha (in a difficult situation) with suffix -tara. Compound of viṣama + stha.

Compound type : tatpurusha (viṣama+stha)

viṣama – uneven, difficult, bad
adjective
stha – standing, situated, being in
adjective (masculine)
agent noun from root sthā
Derived from root sthā (to stand) with suffix -a.
Root: sthā (class 1)

मया (mayā) - Used for comparison, "than I". (by me, than me (instrumental singular of 'I'))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Used with comparative adjectives to express 'than me/I'.

बान्धवैः (bāndhavaiḥ) - The agents by whom she is deprived. (by relatives, by kinsmen)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman

विप्रहीना (viprahīnā) - Amba describes her state of being abandoned by family. (deprived, forsaken, abandoned (feminine nominative singular Past Passive Participle))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viprahīna

viprahīna - deprived of, forsaken, separated from

Past Passive Participle

Derived from vi + pra + hā (to abandon) with suffix -ta, feminine -ā.

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: hā (class 3)

अस्मि (asmi) - Part of "I am deprived" and "I am rejected". (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present, Active, 1st Person, Singular

Root as (2nd class) with present active ending.