महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-108, verse-7

अतो रात्रिश्च निद्रा च निर्गता दिवसक्षये ।
जायते जीवलोकस्य हर्तुमर्धमिवायुषः ॥७॥

7. ato rātriśca nidrā ca nirgatā divasakṣaye ,
jāyate jīvalokasya hartumardhamivāyuṣaḥ.

7. atas rātriḥ ca nidrā ca nirgatā divasakṣaye
jāyate jīvalokasya hartum ardham iva āyuṣaḥ

7. From this, night and sleep emerge at the end of the day. They arise for the world of living beings as if to take away half of their lifespan.

Words meanings summery:

• अतस् (atas) - therefore, hence, from this

• रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

• च (ca) - and

• निद्रा (nidrā) - sleep

• च (ca) - and

• निर्गता (nirgatā) - departed, emerged, gone forth

• दिवसक्षये (divasakṣaye) - at the end of the day, at the day's decline

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises

• जीवलोकस्य (jīvalokasya) - of the world of living beings, of living creatures

• हर्तुम् (hartum) - to seize, to carry off, to steal

• अर्धम् (ardham) - half

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• आयुषः (āyuṣaḥ) - of life, of age, of lifespan

Words meanings and morphology

अतस् (atas) - therefore, hence, from this

(indeclinable)

रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निद्रा (nidrā) - sleep

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nidrā

nidrā - sleep, slumber

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निर्गता (nirgatā) - departed, emerged, gone forth

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirgata

nirgata - gone out, departed, emerged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from nir-√gam

Prefix: nis

Root: gam (class 1)

दिवसक्षये (divasakṣaye) - at the end of the day, at the day's decline

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasakṣaya

divasakṣaya - end of the day, day's decline

Compound type : tatpurusha (divasa+kṣaya)

• divasa – day
  noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – end, decline, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present Middle

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: jan (class 4)

जीवलोकस्य (jīvalokasya) - of the world of living beings, of living creatures

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvaloka

jīvaloka - world of living beings, creatures, mortals

Compound type : tatpurusha (jīva+loka)

• jīva – living, alive, life, creature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

हर्तुम् (hartum) - to seize, to carry off, to steal

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of hṛ

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

अर्धम् (ardham) - half

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

आयुषः (āyuṣaḥ) - of life, of age, of lifespan

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, lifespan, age