महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-108, verse-15

अत्र ज्योतींषि सर्वाणि विशन्त्यादित्यमण्डलम् ।
अष्टाविंशतिरात्रं च चङ्क्रम्य सह भानुना ।
निष्पतन्ति पुनः सूर्यात्सोमसंयोगयोगतः ॥१५॥

15. atra jyotīṁṣi sarvāṇi viśantyādityamaṇḍalam ,
aṣṭāviṁśatirātraṁ ca caṅkramya saha bhānunā ,
niṣpatanti punaḥ sūryātsomasaṁyogayogataḥ.

15. atra jyotīṃṣi sarvāṇi viśanti
ādityamaṇḍalam aṣṭāviṃśatirātram ca
caṅkramya saha bhānunā niṣpatanti
punaḥ sūryāt somasaṃyogayogataḥ

15. Here, all the celestial luminaries enter the solar orb. After wandering with the sun for twenty-eight nights, they emerge again from the sun by virtue of the connection (yoga) of their conjunction with the moon.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• ज्योतींषि (jyotīṁṣi) - celestial luminaries (lights, luminaries, stars, celestial bodies)

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (all, whole, every)

• विशन्ति (viśanti) - they enter (they enter, they go into)

• आदित्यमण्डलम् (ādityamaṇḍalam) - the solar orb (solar orb, sun's disc, solar sphere)

• अष्टाविंशतिरात्रम् (aṣṭāviṁśatirātram) - for twenty-eight nights (for twenty-eight nights, a period of twenty-eight nights)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• चङ्क्रम्य (caṅkramya) - having wandered (having roamed, having wandered repeatedly)

• सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

• भानुना (bhānunā) - with the sun (by/with the sun)

• निष्पतन्ति (niṣpatanti) - they emerge (they fall out, they emerge, they fly out)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• सूर्यात् (sūryāt) - from the sun

• सोमसंयोगयोगतः (somasaṁyogayogataḥ) - by virtue of the connection (yoga) of their conjunction with the moon (by virtue of the connection of conjunction with the moon)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

ज्योतींषि (jyotīṁṣi) - celestial luminaries (lights, luminaries, stars, celestial bodies)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of jyotis

jyotis - light, luster, star, heavenly body, luminary

Note: Can also be accusative plural neuter, but here likely nominative as subject of 'viśanti'.

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (all, whole, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Functions as an adjective for 'jyotīṃṣi'.

विशन्ति (viśanti) - they enter (they enter, they go into)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of viś

present stem

viś, 6th class, Parasmaipada

Root: viś (class 6)

आदित्यमण्डलम् (ādityamaṇḍalam) - the solar orb (solar orb, sun's disc, solar sphere)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ādityamaṇḍala

ādityamaṇḍala - solar orb, sun's disc, solar sphere

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āditya+maṇḍala)

• āditya – the sun, a son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• maṇḍala – disc, orb, circle, region
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the verb 'viśanti'.

अष्टाविंशतिरात्रम् (aṣṭāviṁśatirātram) - for twenty-eight nights (for twenty-eight nights, a period of twenty-eight nights)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aṣṭāviṃśatirātra

aṣṭāviṁśatirātra - a period of twenty-eight nights

Compound type : dvigu (aṣṭāviṃśati+rātra)

• aṣṭāviṃśati – twenty-eight
  numeral (feminine)
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)
  derived from rātri

Note: Functions as an adverb of time/duration.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

चङ्क्रम्य (caṅkramya) - having wandered (having roamed, having wandered repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Intensive form of root kram, 1st class, with -ya suffix (absolutive). The intensive stem is caṅkram-.

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: An absolutive (gerund) implying action completed before the main verb.

सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

भानुना (bhānunā) - with the sun (by/with the sun)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhānu

bhānu - ray of light, light, sun

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

निष्पतन्ति (niṣpatanti) - they emerge (they fall out, they emerge, they fly out)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of niṣpat

present stem

pat, 1st class, Parasmaipada, with prefix niṣ- (nir- before s, ś, ṣ, h, k, kh, p, ph, c, ch, ṭ, ṭh, t, th)

Prefix: nis

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'jyotīṃṣi'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सूर्यात् (sūryāt) - from the sun

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, the sun god

Note: Indicates source ('from the sun').

सोमसंयोगयोगतः (somasaṁyogayogataḥ) - by virtue of the connection (yoga) of their conjunction with the moon (by virtue of the connection of conjunction with the moon)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (soma+saṃyoga+yoga)

• soma – moon, the moon god, Soma plant/nectar
  noun (masculine)
• saṃyoga – conjunction, union, connection, combination
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root yuj- 'to join' with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• yoga – union, connection, discipline, method, application
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root yuj- 'to join'
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The suffix -taḥ makes this an indeclinable adverbial usage meaning 'by reason of', 'due to', or 'from'.