महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-108, verse-19

एष ते पश्चिमो मार्गो दिग्द्वारेण प्रकीर्तितः ।
ब्रूहि गालव गच्छावो बुद्धिः का द्विजसत्तम ॥१९॥

19. eṣa te paścimo mārgo digdvāreṇa prakīrtitaḥ ,
brūhi gālava gacchāvo buddhiḥ kā dvijasattama.

19. eṣa te paścimaḥ mārgaḥ digdvāreṇa prakīrtitaḥ
brūhi gālava gacchāvaḥ buddhiḥ kā dvijasattama

19. This western path has been explained to you through the cardinal direction. Tell me, O Gālava, best among the twice-born (dvija), what is your intention? Let us go!

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this (masculine nominative singular)

• ते (te) - to you (dative) (to you, by you, for you)

• पश्चिमः (paścimaḥ) - western, last

• मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path, way, road

• दिग्द्वारेण (digdvāreṇa) - through the door of direction, through a cardinal point

• प्रकीर्तितः (prakīrtitaḥ) - proclaimed, declared, explained, described

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• गालव (gālava) - O Gālava

• गच्छावः (gacchāvaḥ) - let us go, we two go

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intention, plan (intellect, understanding, intention, decision)

• का (kā) - what, which (feminine nominative singular)

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O Gālava, who is the best among the twice-born. (O best among the twice-born (dvija), O best Brahmin)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

ते (te) - to you (dative) (to you, by you, for you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tva

tva - you

Note: Also genitive singular, but dative fits 'declared to you'.

पश्चिमः (paścimaḥ) - western, last

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paścima

paścima - western, last, posterior

Formed from 'paścā' (behind, westward) + '-ima' suffix.

मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path, way, road

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road

Root: mṛj

Note: Subject of the clause.

दिग्द्वारेण (digdvāreṇa) - through the door of direction, through a cardinal point

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of digdvāra

digdvāra - door of direction, cardinal point

Compound type : tatpurusha (diś+dvāra)

• diś – direction, cardinal point
  noun (feminine)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• dvāra – door, gate
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhvṛ

प्रकीर्तितः (prakīrtitaḥ) - proclaimed, declared, explained, described

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prakīrtita

prakīrtita - proclaimed, declared, explained, described

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `pra` + `kīrt` + `kta` suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Past passive participle acting as an adjective.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative

2nd person singular imperative.

Root: brū (class 2)

गालव (gālava) - O Gālava

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Gālava (name of a sage)

गच्छावः (gacchāvaḥ) - let us go, we two go

(verb)

1st person , dual, active, present imperative (loṭ) of gam

Present Active

1st person dual.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Could also be indicative present. 'Let us go' seems more fitting after a question about their intention.

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intention, plan (intellect, understanding, intention, decision)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, intention, decision

From root `budh` (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the question 'what is your intention'.

का (kā) - what, which (feminine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O Gālava, who is the best among the twice-born. (O best among the twice-born (dvija), O best Brahmin)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born

Superlative compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin, bird
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: dvi
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix `-tama`.
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as an address to Gālava.