महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-46, verse-11

बलस्य व्यसनानीह यान्युक्तानि मनीषिभिः ।
मुख्यो भेदो हि तेषां वै पापिष्ठो विदुषां मतः ॥११॥

11. balasya vyasanānīha yānyuktāni manīṣibhiḥ ,
mukhyo bhedo hi teṣāṁ vai pāpiṣṭho viduṣāṁ mataḥ.

11. balasya vyasanāni iha yāni uktāni manīṣibhiḥ
mukhyaḥ bhedaḥ hi teṣām vai pāpiṣṭhaḥ viduṣām mataḥ

11. Among the calamities (vyasanāni) of an army that have been enumerated by the wise, internal division (bheda) is indeed the chief, considered the most sinful (pāpiṣṭha) by scholars.

Words meanings summery:

• बलस्य (balasya) - of the army, of strength

• व्यसनानि (vyasanāni) - calamities (vyasanāni) (calamities, misfortunes, vices)

• इह (iha) - here, in this matter

• यानि (yāni) - which (neuter plural)

• उक्तानि (uktāni) - declared, said, enumerated

• मनीषिभिः (manīṣibhiḥ) - by the wise, by scholars

• मुख्यः (mukhyaḥ) - chief, principal, primary

• भेदः (bhedaḥ) - internal division (bheda) (division, separation, breach)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• पापिष्ठः (pāpiṣṭhaḥ) - most sinful (pāpiṣṭha) (most sinful, worst)

• विदुषाम् (viduṣām) - of the wise, by the learned

• मतः (mataḥ) - considered, opined, thought

Words meanings and morphology

बलस्य (balasya) - of the army, of strength

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

Root: bal (class 1)

व्यसनानि (vyasanāni) - calamities (vyasanāni) (calamities, misfortunes, vices)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, vice, downfall

from vi-as 'to throw apart'

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

इह (iha) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

यानि (yāni) - which (neuter plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'vyasanāni'.

उक्तानि (uktāni) - declared, said, enumerated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Root vac 'to speak', becomes ukta in PPP

Root: vac (class 2)

मनीषिभिः (manīṣibhiḥ) - by the wise, by scholars

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, intelligent, a scholar

from manīṣā 'wisdom'

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agent of 'uktāni'.

मुख्यः (mukhyaḥ) - chief, principal, primary

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mukhya

mukhya - chief, principal, main

from mukha 'face, front'

भेदः (bhedaḥ) - internal division (bheda) (division, separation, breach)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bheda

bheda - division, separation, distinction, breaking

from bhid 'to split'

Root: bhid (class 7)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Particle

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the calamities ('vyasanāni').

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

पापिष्ठः (pāpiṣṭhaḥ) - most sinful (pāpiṣṭha) (most sinful, worst)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpiṣṭha

pāpiṣṭha - most wicked, most sinful, worst

Superlative

Superlative degree of pāpa 'sinful'

Note: Qualifies 'bhedaḥ'.

विदुषाम् (viduṣām) - of the wise, by the learned

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vidvas

vidvas - wise, learned, a scholar

Past Active Participle

From root vid 'to know', past active participle (vas suffix)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Denotes the source of the opinion 'by the learned'.

मतः (mataḥ) - considered, opined, thought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - thought, considered, approved, opinion

Past Passive Participle

Root man 'to think'

Root: man (class 4)