महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-33, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
याते त्रिगर्तं मत्स्ये तु पशूंस्तान्स्वान्परीप्सति ।
दुर्योधनः सहामात्यो विराटमुपयादथ ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
yāte trigartaṁ matsye tu paśūṁstānsvānparīpsati ,
duryodhanaḥ sahāmātyo virāṭamupayādatha.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca yāte trigartam matsye tu paśūn tān svān
parīpsati duryodhanaḥ saha amātyaḥ virāṭam upayāt atha

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: When Matsya (King Virāṭa) had gone to Trigarta, intent on recovering his own cattle, then Duryodhana, accompanied by his ministers, approached Virāṭa.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• याते (yāte) - when (Matsya) had gone (having gone, when he had gone)

• त्रिगर्तम् (trigartam) - to Trigarta

• मत्स्ये (matsye) - when Matsya (King Virāṭa) (in Matsya, by Matsya (king Virāṭa))

• तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, however)

• पशून् (paśūn) - cattle, animals

• तान् (tān) - those (cattle) (them, those)

• स्वान् (svān) - own, one's own

• परीप्सति (parīpsati) - desires to recover, wishes to regain

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• अमात्यः (amātyaḥ) - minister, companion

• विराटम् (virāṭam) - Virāṭa

• उपयात् (upayāt) - approached, came to

• अथ (atha) - then, moreover, now

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect 3rd singular active, from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

याते (yāte) - when (Matsya) had gone (having gone, when he had gone)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, departed

Past Passive Participle

from root yā + suffix -ta

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: locative absolute construction

त्रिगर्तम् (trigartam) - to Trigarta

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trigarta

trigarta - Trigarta (name of a country/region)

Note: accusative indicating destination

मत्स्ये (matsye) - when Matsya (King Virāṭa) (in Matsya, by Matsya (king Virāṭa))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish; name of a kingdom or its king (King Virāṭa)

Note: locative absolute construction

तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

पशून् (paśūn) - cattle, animals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, cattle

तान् (tān) - those (cattle) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: modifies paśūn

स्वान् (svān) - own, one's own

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: modifies paśūn

परीप्सति (parīpsati) - desires to recover, wishes to regain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of īps

from root āp, desiderative with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: āp (class 5)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

अमात्यः (amātyaḥ) - minister, companion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amātya

amātya - minister, counsellor, companion, friend

विराटम् (virāṭam) - Virāṭa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virāṭa (name of a king)

Note: accusative indicating object of 'approached'

उपयात् (upayāt) - approached, came to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yā

Imperfect 3rd singular active, from root yā with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, moreover, now

(indeclinable)