महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-2, verse-9

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
यमग्निर्ब्राह्मणो भूत्वा समागच्छन्नृणां वरम् ।
दिधक्षुः खाण्डवं दावं दाशार्हसहितं पुरा ॥९॥

9. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
yamagnirbrāhmaṇo bhūtvā samāgacchannṛṇāṁ varam ,
didhakṣuḥ khāṇḍavaṁ dāvaṁ dāśārhasahitaṁ purā.

9. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca yam agniḥ brāhmaṇaḥ bhūtvā samāgacchan
nṛṇām varam didhakṣuḥ khāṇḍavam dāvam dāśārhasahitam purā

9. Yudhishthira said: Formerly, Agni, having assumed the form of a Brahmin and desiring to burn the Khandava forest (khāṇḍava) with a conflagration, approached the best of men, who was accompanied by Dasharha (Krishna).

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the best of men, Arjuna/Krishna) (whom, which)

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni, the fire god (fire, the fire god Agni)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin (a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having assumed the form (of a Brahmin) (having become)

• समागच्छन् (samāgacchan) - approached (approaching, coming together)

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men (of men, of human beings)

• वरम् (varam) - the best (one) (best, excellent, boon, choice)

• दिधक्षुः (didhakṣuḥ) - desiring to burn (the forest) (desiring to burn)

• खाण्डवम् (khāṇḍavam) - the Khandava forest (Khandava (forest))

• दावम् (dāvam) - a conflagration (a forest fire, conflagration)

• दाशार्हसहितम् (dāśārhasahitam) - accompanied by Dasharha (Krishna)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, in the past, anciently)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name: 'steady in battle')

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Irregular perfect form of vac.

यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the best of men, Arjuna/Krishna) (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni, the fire god (fire, the fire god Agni)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, the fire god Agni

Note: Also used as a common noun 'fire'.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin (a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, related to Brahman, sacred

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having assumed the form (of a Brahmin) (having become)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root bhū (to be, to become) with ktvā suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

समागच्छन् (samāgacchan) - approached (approaching, coming together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāgacchat

samāgacchat - approaching, coming together, meeting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix sam-ā- and śatṛ suffix.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with agniḥ.

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men (of men, of human beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, human being, hero

Note: Irregular declension.

वरम् (varam) - the best (one) (best, excellent, boon, choice)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, fine, choice, boon, bridegroom

Note: Functions as a substantive, referring to Arjuna or Krishna.

दिधक्षुः (didhakṣuḥ) - desiring to burn (the forest) (desiring to burn)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of didhakṣu

didhakṣu - desiring to burn

Desiderative Participle

Derived from root dah (to burn) in the desiderative stem, with u suffix.

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with agniḥ.

खाण्डवम् (khāṇḍavam) - the Khandava forest (Khandava (forest))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of khāṇḍava

khāṇḍava - Khandava (name of a forest)

Note: Refers to the Khāṇḍava forest.

दावम् (dāvam) - a conflagration (a forest fire, conflagration)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dāva

dāva - forest fire, conflagration, forest

Note: Could be considered an appositive to khāṇḍavam.

दाशार्हसहितम् (dāśārhasahitam) - accompanied by Dasharha (Krishna)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dāśārhasahita

dāśārhasahita - accompanied by Dasharha

Compound: dāśārha (Dasharha, an epithet for Krishna) + sahita (accompanied, endowed with).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāśārha+sahita)

• dāśārha – Dasharha (an epithet for Krishna, descendant of Dasharha)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sahita – accompanied, joined with, together with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā (to place) with sa- prefix and kta suffix.
  Prefix: sa
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with varam.

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, in the past, anciently)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.