महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-2, verse-15

यथैतानि विशिष्टानि जात्यां जात्यां वृकोदर ।
एवं युवा गुडाकेशः श्रेष्ठः सर्वधनुष्मताम् ॥१५॥

15. yathaitāni viśiṣṭāni jātyāṁ jātyāṁ vṛkodara ,
evaṁ yuvā guḍākeśaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarvadhanuṣmatām.

15. yathā etāni viśiṣṭāni jātyām jātyām vṛkodara
evam yuvā guḍākeśaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarvadhanuṣmatām

15. Just as these (mentioned in the previous verse) are distinguished in each of their respective categories, O Vrikodara (Bhima), so too is the young Gudakesha (Arjuna) the foremost among all archers.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, like)

• एतानि (etāni) - these (referring to the examples in the previous verse) (these (neuter plural))

• विशिष्टानि (viśiṣṭāni) - distinguished, excellent (distinguished, excellent, specific)

• जात्याम् (jātyām) - in (each) class/category (in class, in category, in birth)

• जात्याम् (jātyām) - in (each) class/category (in class, in category, in birth)

• वृकोदर (vṛkodara) - O Vrikodara (Bhima) (O Vrikodara, O Bhima (wolf-bellied))

• एवम् (evam) - similarly, so too (thus, so, similarly)

• युवा (yuvā) - the young one (Arjuna) (young, young man)

• गुडाकेशः (guḍākeśaḥ) - Gudakesha (Arjuna) (Gudakesha (Arjuna, conqueror of sleep))

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the best, the foremost (best, most excellent)

• सर्वधनुष्मताम् (sarvadhanuṣmatām) - among all archers (of all archers, among all archers)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, like)

(indeclinable)

एतानि (etāni) - these (referring to the examples in the previous verse) (these (neuter plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of etat

etat - this, these

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra (the nāga), Airavata, a son, and a wife, collectively.

विशिष्टानि (viśiṣṭāni) - distinguished, excellent (distinguished, excellent, specific)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - distinguished, excellent, specific, particular, special

Past Passive Participle

From prefix vi- + root śiṣ (to distinguish) + suffix -ta.

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'etāni'.

जात्याम् (jātyām) - in (each) class/category (in class, in category, in birth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of jāti

jāti - birth, species, class, kind, category

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Repetition 'jātyām jātyām' implies 'in each class/category'.

जात्याम् (jātyām) - in (each) class/category (in class, in category, in birth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of jāti

jāti - birth, species, class, kind, category

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Repetition 'jātyām jātyām' implies 'in each class/category'.

वृकोदर (vṛkodara) - O Vrikodara (Bhima) (O Vrikodara, O Bhima (wolf-bellied))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied (an epithet of Bhima), having a ravenous appetite

एवम् (evam) - similarly, so too (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

युवा (yuvā) - the young one (Arjuna) (young, young man)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuvan

yuvan - young, young man, youth

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

गुडाकेशः (guḍākeśaḥ) - Gudakesha (Arjuna) (Gudakesha (Arjuna, conqueror of sleep))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guḍākeśa

guḍākeśa - one with thick hair, conqueror of sleep (an epithet of Arjuna)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the best, the foremost (best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Root: praś

Note: Agrees with 'yuvā guḍākeśaḥ'.

सर्वधनुष्मताम् (sarvadhanuṣmatām) - among all archers (of all archers, among all archers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvadhanuṣmat

sarvadhanuṣmat - all archers, one possessing a bow

Note: Used in the sense of 'among' (genitive of comparison).