महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-76, verse-19

ऋतुपर्णे प्रतिगते नलो राजा विशां पते ।
नगरे कुण्डिने कालं नातिदीर्घमिवावसत् ॥१९॥

19. ṛtuparṇe pratigate nalo rājā viśāṁ pate ,
nagare kuṇḍine kālaṁ nātidīrghamivāvasat.

19. ṛtuparṇe pratigate nalaḥ rājā viśām pate
nagare kuṇḍine kālam na atidīrgham iva avasat

19. When Ṛtuparṇa had returned, King Nala, O lord of the people, resided in the city of Kuṇḍina for a period that was not very long, as it were.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋतुपर्णे (ṛtuparṇe) - in the locative absolute construction, indicating 'when Ṛtuparṇa' (in/when Ṛtuparṇa)

• प्रतिगते (pratigate) - in the locative absolute construction, indicating 'when he had returned' (returned, having gone back)

• नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• नगरे (nagare) - in the city

• कुण्डिने (kuṇḍine) - in Kuṇḍina (the city name)

• कालम् (kālam) - time, period

• न (na) - not, no

• अतिदीर्घम् (atidīrgham) - very long, too long

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• अवसत् (avasat) - dwelt, resided

Words meanings and morphology

ऋतुपर्णे (ṛtuparṇe) - in the locative absolute construction, indicating 'when Ṛtuparṇa' (in/when Ṛtuparṇa)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ṛtuparṇa

ṛtuparṇa - Ṛtuparṇa (name of a king)

प्रतिगते (pratigate) - in the locative absolute construction, indicating 'when he had returned' (returned, having gone back)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pratigata

pratigata - returned, gone back, come back

past passive participle

formed from root 'gam' with prefix 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: gam (class 1)

नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a king)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, monarch, ruler

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

नगरे (nagare) - in the city

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

कुण्डिने (kuṇḍine) - in Kuṇḍina (the city name)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kuṇḍina

kuṇḍina - Kuṇḍina (name of a city, capital of Vidarbha)

Note: agrees with 'nagare'

कालम् (kālam) - time, period

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

Note: used to denote duration

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अतिदीर्घम् (atidīrgham) - very long, too long

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atidīrgha

atidīrgha - very long, too long

compound with 'ati' (excessively) and 'dīrgha' (long)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+dīrgha)

• ati – excessively, too much, beyond
  indeclinable
• dīrgha – long
  adjective

Note: agrees with 'kālam'

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

अवसत् (avasat) - dwelt, resided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)