महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-224, verse-9

तव दुःखोपपन्नाया यैराचरितमप्रियम् ।
विद्धि संप्रस्थितान्सर्वांस्तान्कृष्णे यमसादनम् ॥९॥

9. tava duḥkhopapannāyā yairācaritamapriyam ,
viddhi saṁprasthitānsarvāṁstānkṛṣṇe yamasādanam.

9. tava duḥkhopapannāyā yaiḥ ācaritam apriyam viddhi
samprasthitān sarvān tān kṛṣṇe yamasādanam

9. O Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī), know that all those who committed disagreeable acts against you when you were suffering are now gone to the abode of Yama.

9. הו קְרְשְׁנָה, דעי שכל אלה שנהגו בך ברוע כשהיית בצער כבר יצאו לדרך אל משכנו של יַמַה.

Words meanings summery:

• तव (tava) - your, to you

• दुःखोपपन्नाया (duḥkhopapannāyā) - to you, who were in distress (to one fallen into distress, to one suffering)

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom (plural)

• आचरितम् (ācaritam) - done, performed, practiced

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - disagreeable acts (disagreeable, unpleasant, unkind act, harm)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know! understand!

• सम्प्रस्थितान् (samprasthitān) - departed (to the abode of Yama) (departed, gone, set out)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - O Draupadī (O Kṛṣṇā, O Draupadī)

• यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to Yama's abode, to the dwelling of death

Words meanings and morphology

तव (tava) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

Note: Dative function, to or for you.

दुःखोपपन्नाया (duḥkhopapannāyā) - to you, who were in distress (to one fallen into distress, to one suffering)

(adjective)

Dative, feminine, singular of duḥkhopapannā

duḥkhopapannā - fallen into sorrow/distress, afflicted by misery

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+upapanna)

• duḥkha – pain, sorrow, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• upapanna – furnished with, endowed with, fallen into, happened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root pad (to go, fall) with upasargas upa + ā
  Prefixes: upa+ā
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Draupadī.

यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom (plural)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Agent of ācaritam apriyam.

आचरितम् (ācaritam) - done, performed, practiced

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ācarita

ācarita - done, performed, practiced, behaved

Past Passive Participle

From root car (to move, do) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective, agrees with apriyam.

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - disagreeable acts (disagreeable, unpleasant, unkind act, harm)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - disagreeable, unpleasant, unkind, enemy; (as noun) harm, unkindness

Negation of priya (dear, pleasant)

Compound type : Dvigu (a+priya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject of ācaritam (passive construction).

विद्धि (viddhi) - know! understand!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative active

From root vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

सम्प्रस्थितान् (samprasthitān) - departed (to the abode of Yama) (departed, gone, set out)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samprasthita

samprasthita - departed, gone, set out, deceased

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam + pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies tān sarvān.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Indefinite pronoun/adjective

Note: Agrees with tān.

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of viddhi.

कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - O Draupadī (O Kṛṣṇā, O Draupadī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Kṛṣṇā (name of Draupadī)

Note: Addressing Draupadī.

यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to Yama's abode, to the dwelling of death

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yamasādana

yamasādana - Yama's abode, dwelling of Yama, the realm of death

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (yama+sādana)

• yama – Yama (the god of death)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sādana – abode, dwelling, bringing low, destroying
  noun (neuter)
  From root sad (to sit, settle)
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Destination of 'samprasthitān'.

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