महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-14, verse-12

न चेत्स मम राजेन्द्र गृह्णीयान्मधुरं वचः ।
पथ्यं च भरतश्रेष्ठ निगृह्णीयां बलेन तम् ॥१२॥

12. na cetsa mama rājendra gṛhṇīyānmadhuraṁ vacaḥ ,
pathyaṁ ca bharataśreṣṭha nigṛhṇīyāṁ balena tam.

12. na cet saḥ mama rājendra gṛhṇīyāt madhuram vacaḥ
pathyam ca bharataśreṣṭha nigṛhṇīyām balena tam

12. But if he, O king of kings, O best of Bharatas, were not to accept my sweet and beneficial advice, then I would restrain him by force.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• चेत् (cet) - if (if, supposing that)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Dhritarashtra) (he, that)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings (vocative, addressing Dhritarashtra) (O chief of kings, O lord of kings)

• गृह्णीयात् (gṛhṇīyāt) - he would accept (he would accept, he should take)

• मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet, pleasing (sweet, pleasing, delightful)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - advice, word (word, speech, advice)

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial (beneficial, salutary, wholesome)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of Bharatas (vocative, addressing Dhritarashtra) (O best of Bharatas)

• निगृह्णीयाम् (nigṛhṇīyām) - I would restrain (I would restrain, I should subdue)

• बलेन (balena) - by force (by force, with strength)

• तम् (tam) - him (Dhritarashtra) (him, that)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if (if, supposing that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'if not'.

सः (saḥ) - he (Dhritarashtra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'gṛhṇīyāt'.

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive for 'vacas'.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings (vocative, addressing Dhritarashtra) (O chief of kings, O lord of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, lord of kings, sovereign

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rājan
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (the deity)
  noun (masculine)

गृह्णीयात् (gṛhṇīyāt) - he would accept (he would accept, he should take)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of grah

Optative Mood

3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Subject is implicit (Dhritarashtra).

मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet, pleasing (sweet, pleasing, delightful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, delightful, charming, melodious

Note: Adjective for 'vacas'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - advice, word (word, speech, advice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, voice, statement

From vac (to speak) + as suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'gṛhṇīyāt'.

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial (beneficial, salutary, wholesome)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - suitable, fit, wholesome, salutary, beneficial (lit. 'fit for the path')

Gerundive

From path + ya (kṛtya suffix), meaning 'to be followed on the path'.

Root: path

Note: Adjective for 'vacas'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'madhuram' and 'pathyam'.

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of Bharatas (vocative, addressing Dhritarashtra) (O best of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best among the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a member of the Bharata lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from śrī (excellence) or praśasya (excellent).

निगृह्णीयाम् (nigṛhṇīyām) - I would restrain (I would restrain, I should subdue)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of nigrah

Optative Mood

1st person singular, active voice.

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

बलेन (balena) - by force (by force, with strength)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Note: Means of action for 'nigṛhṇīyām'.

तम् (tam) - him (Dhritarashtra) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'nigṛhṇīyām'.