महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-101, verse-3

इदं च समनुप्राप्तं लोकानां भयमुत्तमम् ।
न च जानीम केनेमे रात्रौ वध्यन्ति ब्राह्मणाः ॥३॥

3. idaṁ ca samanuprāptaṁ lokānāṁ bhayamuttamam ,
na ca jānīma keneme rātrau vadhyanti brāhmaṇāḥ.

3. idam ca samanuprāptam lokānām bhayam uttamam na
ca jānīma kena ime rātrau vadhyanti brāhmaṇāḥ

3. And this supreme fear has now befallen the people. We do not know by whom these Brahmins are being killed at night.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (fear) (this, here, now)

• च (ca) - and, also

• समनुप्राप्तम् (samanuprāptam) - has befallen (obtained, arrived at, reached, befallen)

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the people (of the worlds, of the people)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, terror

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme (highest, best, supreme)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• जानीम (jānīma) - we know

• केन (kena) - by whom, by what

• इमे (ime) - these (Brahmins) (these)

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

• वध्यन्ति (vadhyanti) - they are killed, they are slain

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (fear) (this, here, now)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, now

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

समनुप्राप्तम् (samanuprāptam) - has befallen (obtained, arrived at, reached, befallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samanuprāpta

samanuprāpta - obtained, arrived at, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √āp with upasargas sam, anu, and pra

Prefixes: sam+anu+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Refers to 'bhayam'

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the people (of the worlds, of the people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, people, realm

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, terror

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme (highest, best, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, supreme, excellent

Note: Agrees with 'bhayam'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

जानीम (jānīma) - we know

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √jñā

Present Indicative

Class 9 verb, 1st person plural active

Root: jñā (class 9)

केन (kena) - by whom, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

इमे (ime) - these (Brahmins) (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to 'brāhmaṇāḥ'

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

वध्यन्ति (vadhyanti) - they are killed, they are slain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of √vadh

Present Indicative Passive

Derived from root √han (passive stem √vadh), 3rd person plural passive

Root: han (class 2)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, priest, related to brahman