महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-101, verse-15

क्रोधात्प्रवृद्धः सहसा भास्करस्य नगोत्तमः ।
वचस्तवानतिक्रामन्विन्ध्यः शैलो न वर्धते ॥१५॥

15. krodhātpravṛddhaḥ sahasā bhāskarasya nagottamaḥ ,
vacastavānatikrāmanvindhyaḥ śailo na vardhate.

15. krodhāt pravṛddhaḥ sahasā bhāskarasya nagottamaḥ
vacaḥ tava anatikrāman vindhyaḥ śailaḥ na vardhate

15. The excellent mountain, Vindhya, which had suddenly grown due to anger towards the sun, now no longer increases in size, as it does not transgress your command.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, out of rage

• प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - greatly grown, increased, augmented

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly, quickly

• भास्करस्य (bhāskarasya) - of the sun, of the sun-god

• नगोत्तमः (nagottamaḥ) - best of mountains, excellent mountain

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

• तव (tava) - your

• अनतिक्रामन् (anatikrāman) - not transgressing, not violating, not overstepping

• विन्ध्यः (vindhyaḥ) - The Vindhya mountain range (Vindhya (mountain range))

• शैलः (śailaḥ) - mountain, hill

• न (na) - not, no

• वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, increases

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, out of rage

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, rage, wrath

Root: kruudh (class 4)

प्रवृद्धः (pravṛddhaḥ) - greatly grown, increased, augmented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛddha

pravṛddha - grown, increased, augmented, developed

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛdh (to grow) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nagottamaḥ/vindhyaḥ

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcibly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form used as adverb

Note: Adverb

भास्करस्य (bhāskarasya) - of the sun, of the sun-god

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun, sun-god (lit. light-maker)

Compound: bhās (light) + kara (maker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, luster
  noun (neuter)
• kara – maker, doing
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṛ (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

नगोत्तमः (nagottamaḥ) - best of mountains, excellent mountain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nagottama

nagottama - best of mountains, chief mountain

Compound: naga (mountain) + uttama (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naga+uttama)

• naga – mountain (lit. that which does not move)
  noun (masculine)
  From na + √gam
  Prefix: na
  Root: gam (class 1)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective
  Superlative of ut

Note: Agrees with vindhyaḥ śailaḥ

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, command

From √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of anatikrāman

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive pronoun

अनतिक्रामन् (anatikrāman) - not transgressing, not violating, not overstepping

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anatikrāmant

anatikrāmant - not transgressing, not violating

Present Active Participle

From √kram (to step) with prefixes ati and an- (negation)

Prefixes: an+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vindhyaḥ śailaḥ

विन्ध्यः (vindhyaḥ) - The Vindhya mountain range (Vindhya (mountain range))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vindhya

vindhya - the Vindhya mountain range

Note: Subject of vardhate

शैलः (śailaḥ) - mountain, hill

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaila

śaila - mountain, rock, hill

Derived from śilā (rock)

Note: Appositive to vindhyaḥ

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle

वर्धते (vardhate) - grows, increases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)