महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-26, verse-2

महता बलचक्रेण परराष्ट्रावमर्दिना ।
वृतो भरतशार्दूलो द्विषच्छोकविवर्धनः ॥२॥

2. mahatā balacakreṇa pararāṣṭrāvamardinā ,
vṛto bharataśārdūlo dviṣacchokavivardhanaḥ.

2. mahatā balacakreṇa pararāṣṭrāvammardinā
vṛtaḥ bharataśārdūlaḥ dviṣacchokavivardhanaḥ

2. The tiger among the Bhāratas, accompanied by a mighty army capable of crushing hostile kingdoms, amplified the grief of his adversaries.

2. נמר בין בני בְּהָארַטַה, המגדיל את צער שונאיו, היה מוקף בגלגל צבא גדול המכתש את ארצות האויב.

Words meanings summery:

• महता (mahatā) - by a mighty (by a great, by a mighty)

• बलचक्रेण (balacakreṇa) - by an army (by an army-division, by an army corps)

• परराष्ट्रावम्मर्दिना (pararāṣṭrāvammardinā) - capable of crushing hostile kingdoms (modifying the army) (by one who crushes enemy kingdoms, by one who destroys hostile nations)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (accompanied, surrounded, chosen)

• भरतशार्दूलः (bharataśārdūlaḥ) - the foremost among the Bhāratas (referring to Bhīmasena) (the tiger among the Bhāratas)

• द्विषच्छोकविवर्धनः (dviṣacchokavivardhanaḥ) - one who amplified the grief of adversaries (increasing the sorrow of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

महता (mahatā) - by a mighty (by a great, by a mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

बलचक्रेण (balacakreṇa) - by an army (by an army-division, by an army corps)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of balacakra

balacakra - army, army division, host of forces, military formation

Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+cakra)

• bala – strength, power, might, army, force
  noun (neuter)
• cakra – wheel, discus, circle, army division, realm
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to make) + a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

परराष्ट्रावम्मर्दिना (pararāṣṭrāvammardinā) - capable of crushing hostile kingdoms (modifying the army) (by one who crushes enemy kingdoms, by one who destroys hostile nations)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pararāṣṭrāvammardin

pararāṣṭrāvammardin - crushing enemy kingdoms, subduing hostile nations, destroyer of enemy realms

Agent noun/adjective from verbal root with suffixes

Compound adjective: pararāṣṭra (enemy kingdom) + avamardin (crushing, from ava-mṛd + in).

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+rāṣṭra+avamardin)

• para – other, alien, enemy, hostile
  adjective (masculine)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, country, nation, realm
  noun (neuter)
  From root rāj (to rule)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• avamardin – crushing, destroying, treading down
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from verbal root mṛd with prefix ava and suffix in.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: mṛd (class 7)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (accompanied, surrounded, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, accompanied, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with bharataśārdūlaḥ.

भरतशार्दूलः (bharataśārdūlaḥ) - the foremost among the Bhāratas (referring to Bhīmasena) (the tiger among the Bhāratas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharataśārdūla

bharataśārdūla - tiger among the Bharatas (a powerful warrior from the Bharata lineage), foremost Bharata

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+śārdūla)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior
  proper noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, eminent, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

द्विषच्छोकविवर्धनः (dviṣacchokavivardhanaḥ) - one who amplified the grief of adversaries (increasing the sorrow of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dviṣacchokavivardhana

dviṣacchokavivardhana - increasing the sorrow of enemies, one who enhances the grief of foes

Agent noun/adjective from verbal root with suffixes

Compound adjective: dviṣat (enemy) + śoka (sorrow) + vivardhana (increasing, from vi-vṛdh + ana).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dviṣat+śoka+vivardhana)

• dviṣat – enemy, hating, hostile
  noun (masculine)
  Present Active Participle used as a noun
  From root dviṣ (to hate).
  Root: dviṣ (class 2)
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation, anguish
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve, burn)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• vivardhana – increasing, promoting, causing to grow
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from verbal root vṛdh with prefix vi and suffix ana.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

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