महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-26, verse-2

महता बलचक्रेण परराष्ट्रावमर्दिना ।
वृतो भरतशार्दूलो द्विषच्छोकविवर्धनः ॥२॥

2. mahatā balacakreṇa pararāṣṭrāvamardinā ,
vṛto bharataśārdūlo dviṣacchokavivardhanaḥ.

2. mahatā balacakreṇa pararāṣṭrāvammardinā
vṛtaḥ bharataśārdūlaḥ dviṣacchokavivardhanaḥ

2. The tiger among the Bhāratas, accompanied by a mighty army capable of crushing hostile kingdoms, amplified the grief of his adversaries.

Words meanings summery:

• महता (mahatā) - by a mighty (by a great, by a mighty)

• बलचक्रेण (balacakreṇa) - by an army (by an army-division, by an army corps)

• परराष्ट्रावम्मर्दिना (pararāṣṭrāvammardinā) - capable of crushing hostile kingdoms (modifying the army) (by one who crushes enemy kingdoms, by one who destroys hostile nations)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (accompanied, surrounded, chosen)

• भरतशार्दूलः (bharataśārdūlaḥ) - the foremost among the Bhāratas (referring to Bhīmasena) (the tiger among the Bhāratas)

• द्विषच्छोकविवर्धनः (dviṣacchokavivardhanaḥ) - one who amplified the grief of adversaries (increasing the sorrow of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

महता (mahatā) - by a mighty (by a great, by a mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

बलचक्रेण (balacakreṇa) - by an army (by an army-division, by an army corps)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of balacakra

balacakra - army, army division, host of forces, military formation

Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+cakra)

• bala – strength, power, might, army, force
  noun (neuter)
• cakra – wheel, discus, circle, army division, realm
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to make) + a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

परराष्ट्रावम्मर्दिना (pararāṣṭrāvammardinā) - capable of crushing hostile kingdoms (modifying the army) (by one who crushes enemy kingdoms, by one who destroys hostile nations)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pararāṣṭrāvammardin

pararāṣṭrāvammardin - crushing enemy kingdoms, subduing hostile nations, destroyer of enemy realms

Agent noun/adjective from verbal root with suffixes

Compound adjective: pararāṣṭra (enemy kingdom) + avamardin (crushing, from ava-mṛd + in).

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+rāṣṭra+avamardin)

• para – other, alien, enemy, hostile
  adjective (masculine)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, country, nation, realm
  noun (neuter)
  From root rāj (to rule)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• avamardin – crushing, destroying, treading down
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from verbal root mṛd with prefix ava and suffix in.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: mṛd (class 7)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (accompanied, surrounded, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, accompanied, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with bharataśārdūlaḥ.

भरतशार्दूलः (bharataśārdūlaḥ) - the foremost among the Bhāratas (referring to Bhīmasena) (the tiger among the Bhāratas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharataśārdūla

bharataśārdūla - tiger among the Bharatas (a powerful warrior from the Bharata lineage), foremost Bharata

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+śārdūla)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior
  proper noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, eminent, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

द्विषच्छोकविवर्धनः (dviṣacchokavivardhanaḥ) - one who amplified the grief of adversaries (increasing the sorrow of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dviṣacchokavivardhana

dviṣacchokavivardhana - increasing the sorrow of enemies, one who enhances the grief of foes

Agent noun/adjective from verbal root with suffixes

Compound adjective: dviṣat (enemy) + śoka (sorrow) + vivardhana (increasing, from vi-vṛdh + ana).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dviṣat+śoka+vivardhana)

• dviṣat – enemy, hating, hostile
  noun (masculine)
  Present Active Participle used as a noun
  From root dviṣ (to hate).
  Root: dviṣ (class 2)
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation, anguish
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve, burn)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• vivardhana – increasing, promoting, causing to grow
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from verbal root vṛdh with prefix vi and suffix ana.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)