महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-3, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स राजा सुमहातेजा वृद्धः कुरुकुलोद्वहः ।
नापश्यत तदा किंचिदप्रियं पाण्डुनन्दने ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa rājā sumahātejā vṛddhaḥ kurukulodvahaḥ ,
nāpaśyata tadā kiṁcidapriyaṁ pāṇḍunandane.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca sa rājā sumahātejā vṛddhaḥ
kurukulodvahaḥ na apaśyata tadā kiñcit apriyam pāṇḍunandane

1. Vaiśampāyana said: That aged king, Dhritarashtra, who was exceedingly glorious and the upholder of the Kuru lineage, saw nothing unpleasant in the sons of Pāṇḍu at that time.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahabharata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• स (sa) - that King Dhritarashtra (that, he)

• राजा (rājā) - King Dhritarashtra (king)

• सुमहातेजा (sumahātejā) - King Dhritarashtra, who was very glorious (of great splendor, very glorious)

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - King Dhritarashtra, who was aged (old, aged, grown)

• कुरुकुलोद्वहः (kurukulodvahaḥ) - King Dhritarashtra, who upheld the Kuru lineage (upholder of the Kuru lineage, carrying the Kuru family)

• न (na) - not, no

• अपश्यत (apaśyata) - saw (imperfect tense)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything unpleasant (anything, something, a little)

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - an unpleasant thing (in the Pāṇḍavas) (unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked)

• पाण्डुनन्दने (pāṇḍunandane) - in the Pāṇḍavas (Yudhishthira and his brothers) (in the sons of Pāṇḍu, regarding the Pāṇḍavas)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahabharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a pupil of Vyāsa, who narrated the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (Lit) of vac

Perfect

Irregular perfect form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - that King Dhritarashtra (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

राजा (rājā) - King Dhritarashtra (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, monarch

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

सुमहातेजा (sumahātejā) - King Dhritarashtra, who was very glorious (of great splendor, very glorious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahātejas

sumahātejas - very glorious, exceedingly splendid, of great majesty

Compound of su (very) + mahā (great) + tejas (splendor).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahā+tejas)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, glory, energy, power, brilliance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij (class 7)

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - King Dhritarashtra, who was aged (old, aged, grown)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased, augmented

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

कुरुकुलोद्वहः (kurukulodvahaḥ) - King Dhritarashtra, who upheld the Kuru lineage (upholder of the Kuru lineage, carrying the Kuru family)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurukulodvaha

kurukulodvaha - bearer of the Kuru family, upholder of the Kuru lineage

Compound of kuru (Kuru), kula (family) and udvaha (bearing, supporting).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+kula+udvaha)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race, clan
  noun (neuter)
• udvaha – bearing, carrying, supporting, upholding
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/participial suffix
  Derived from prefix ud and root vah (to carry).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अपश्यत (apaśyata) - saw (imperfect tense)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect

From root dṛś, used with a-augment for imperfect, third person singular.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronominal stem tad.

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything unpleasant (anything, something, a little)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiñcid

kiñcid - something, anything, a little

Compound of kim (what) + cit (a particle for indefiniteness).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+cit)

• kim – what, which, who
  pronoun (neuter)
• cit – a particle expressing indefiniteness, 'some' or 'any'
  indeclinable

Note: Functions as an indefinite pronoun/adjective modifying apriyam. The t becomes d before a of apriyam.

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - an unpleasant thing (in the Pāṇḍavas) (unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked, hostile

Negative compound with a + priya (dear, beloved).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root prī (to love, please).
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Functions as a noun here, 'an unpleasant thing'.

पाण्डुनन्दने (pāṇḍunandane) - in the Pāṇḍavas (Yudhishthira and his brothers) (in the sons of Pāṇḍu, regarding the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍunandana

pāṇḍunandana - son of Pāṇḍu, delight of Pāṇḍu, epithet for Pāṇḍavas

Compound of Pāṇḍu (name) + nandana (son, delight).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+nandana)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delight, pleasing
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root nand (to rejoice).
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas collectively.