महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-20, verse-17

दशाहमेवं दानानि दत्त्वा राजाम्बिकासुतः ।
बभूव पुत्रपौत्राणामनृणो भरतर्षभ ॥१७॥

17. daśāhamevaṁ dānāni dattvā rājāmbikāsutaḥ ,
babhūva putrapautrāṇāmanṛṇo bharatarṣabha.

17. daśāham evam dānāni dattvā rājā ambikāsutaḥ
babhūva putrapautrāṇām anṛṇaḥ bharatarṣabha

17. bharatarṣabha evam daśāham dānāni dattvā saḥ
rājā ambikāsutaḥ putrapautrāṇām anṛṇaḥ babhūva

17. Having thus performed acts of giving (dāna) for ten days, that king, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the son of Ambikā, became free from debt to his sons and grandsons, O best among the Bharatas.

Words meanings summery:

• दशाहम् (daśāham) - for ten days

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• दानानि (dānāni) - gifts, acts of giving, charities

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

• राजा (rājā) - king

• अम्बिकासुतः (ambikāsutaḥ) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who was the son of Ambikā (son of Ambikā)

• बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

• पुत्रपौत्राणाम् (putrapautrāṇām) - of sons and grandsons

• अनृणः (anṛṇaḥ) - debtless, free from debt or obligation

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - संबोधन of Janamejaya or Vaiśampāyana (O best of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

दशाहम् (daśāham) - for ten days

(indeclinable)

compound of daśa (ten) + aha (day)

Note: accusative singular neuter or masculine, used adverbially for duration

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

दानानि (dānāni) - gifts, acts of giving, charities

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dāna

dāna - act of giving, gift, liberality

from root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: accusative plural of dāna

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

(indeclinable)

root dā (3rd class, juhotyādi)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: absolutive (gerund) form from √dā

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

अम्बिकासुतः (ambikāsutaḥ) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who was the son of Ambikā (son of Ambikā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambikāsuta

ambikāsuta - son of Ambikā

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ambikā+suta)

• ambikā – name of a princess, wife of Vicitravīrya and mother of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √sū (to beget)
  Root: sū (class 2)

बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

root bhū (1st class, bhvādi)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular perfect active voice of √bhū

पुत्रपौत्राणाम् (putrapautrāṇām) - of sons and grandsons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putrapautra

putrapautra - sons and grandsons; progeny

Dvandva compound: putra (son) + pautra (grandson)

Compound type : dvandva (putra+pautra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• pautra – grandson (son's son or daughter's son)
  noun (masculine)
  derived from putra (son) with a taddhita suffix

Note: genitive plural of putrapautra

अनृणः (anṛṇaḥ) - debtless, free from debt or obligation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anṛṇa

anṛṇa - debtless, free from obligation or debt

negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of ṛṇa (debt)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛṇa)

• a – not, un-
  prefix
• ṛṇa – debt, obligation
  noun (neuter)

Note: nominative singular masculine, modifying 'rājā ambikāsutaḥ'

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - संबोधन of Janamejaya or Vaiśampāyana (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

tatpuruṣa compound: bharata (descendant of Bharata) + ṛṣabha (bull, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata (an ancient king), a member of the Bharata clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; chief, best, excellent among
  noun (masculine)