महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-20, verse-15

परिश्रान्तो यदासीत्स ददद्दानान्यनेकशः ।
ततो निर्वर्तयामास दानयज्ञं कुरूद्वहः ॥१५॥

15. pariśrānto yadāsītsa dadaddānānyanekaśaḥ ,
tato nirvartayāmāsa dānayajñaṁ kurūdvahaḥ.

15. pariśrāntaḥ yadā āsīt saḥ dadat dānāni anekaśaḥ
tataḥ nirvartayāmāsa dāna-yajñam kuru-udvahaḥ

15. yadā saḥ pariśrāntaḥ anekaśaḥ dānāni dadat āsīt,
tataḥ kuru-udvahaḥ dāna-yajñam nirvartayāmāsa

15. When he (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) was exhausted, having given countless gifts (dāna), then that leader of the Kurus (kurūdvaha) completed the ritual of giving (dāna-yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• परिश्रान्तः (pariśrāntaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra was tired after performing various rituals and charity (exhausted, wearied, fatigued)

• यदा (yadā) - introducing a temporal clause (when)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - he (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) was (he was, it was)

• सः (saḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (he, that (person))

• ददत् (dadat) - while giving (giving)

• दानानि (dānāni) - numerous acts of giving (dāna) charity (gifts, charities)

• अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - indicating the large quantity of gifts (manifold, in many ways, repeatedly, countless)

• ततः (tataḥ) - indicating a sequence of events (then, thence)

• निर्वर्तयामास (nirvartayāmāsa) - he completed the ritual of giving (he completed, he performed, he achieved)

• दान-यज्ञम् (dāna-yajñam) - the specific Vedic ritual of giving (dāna-yajña) Dhṛtarāṣṭra performed (ritual of giving, offering of gifts)

• कुरु-उद्वहः (kuru-udvahaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra, as the patriarch of the Kuru dynasty (kurūdvaha) (leader of the Kurus, best of the Kurus)

Words meanings and morphology

परिश्रान्तः (pariśrāntaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra was tired after performing various rituals and charity (exhausted, wearied, fatigued)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pariśrānta

pariśrānta - exhausted, wearied, fatigued

Past Passive Participle

From root `śram` (to be weary, exert oneself) with prefix `pari-` (completely).

Prefix: pari

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'saḥ'.

यदा (yadā) - introducing a temporal clause (when)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

आसीत् (āsīt) - he (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) was (he was, it was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of as

Imperfect (Laṅ)

Root `as` (to be). 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for 'pariśrāntaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the 'yadā' clause.

ददत् (dadat) - while giving (giving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dadat

dā - to give, grant

Present Active Participle

From root `dā` (to give) with the suffix `śatṛ`.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Describes 'saḥ' (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) as performing the action of giving.

दानानि (dānāni) - numerous acts of giving (dāna) charity (gifts, charities)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dāna

dāna - gift, donation, charity, the act of giving

Derived from root `dā` (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Direct object of 'dadat'.

अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - indicating the large quantity of gifts (manifold, in many ways, repeatedly, countless)

(indeclinable)

From `aneka` (many) with suffix `śas`.

Note: Adverb modifying 'dadat'.

ततः (tataḥ) - indicating a sequence of events (then, thence)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time/sequence.

निर्वर्तयामास (nirvartayāmāsa) - he completed the ritual of giving (he completed, he performed, he achieved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vṛt

Perfect (Lit)

Causative form of root `vṛt` (to turn) 'vartaya' with prefix `nis-` (out, away, completely), followed by the periphrastic perfect auxiliary `āmāsa`. Meaning 'caused to turn out, accomplished, performed'.

Prefix: nis

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

दान-यज्ञम् (dāna-yajñam) - the specific Vedic ritual of giving (dāna-yajña) Dhṛtarāṣṭra performed (ritual of giving, offering of gifts)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dāna-yajña

dāna-yajña - a Vedic ritual (yajña) of giving (dāna); an offering of gifts

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dāna+yajña)

• dāna – gift, donation, charity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• yajña – Vedic ritual, offering, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'nirvartayāmāsa'.

कुरु-उद्वहः (kuru-udvahaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra, as the patriarch of the Kuru dynasty (kurūdvaha) (leader of the Kurus, best of the Kurus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuru-udvaha

kuru-udvaha - leader of the Kurus, one who upholds or carries the Kurus

Compound with `udvaha` (bearer, leader) as the second member. `kuru` + `udvaha` undergoes external sandhi to `kurūdvaha`.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (kuru+udvaha)

• kuru – a member of the Kuru dynasty; the Kuru land/people
  proper noun (masculine/neuter)
• udvaha – bearer, leader, promoter
  noun (masculine)
  From root `vah` (to carry) with prefix `ut-` (up, forth).
  Prefix: ut
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Subject of the main clause.