महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-20, verse-10

एवं स वसुधाराभिर्वर्षमाणो नृपाम्बुदः ।
तर्पयामास विप्रांस्तान्वर्षन्भूमिमिवाम्बुदः ॥१०॥

10. evaṁ sa vasudhārābhirvarṣamāṇo nṛpāmbudaḥ ,
tarpayāmāsa viprāṁstānvarṣanbhūmimivāmbudaḥ.

10. evam saḥ vasudhārābhiḥ varṣamāṇaḥ nṛpa ambudaḥ
tarpayām āsa viprān tān varṣan bhūmim iva ambudaḥ

10. evam saḥ nṛpa ambudaḥ vasudhārābhiḥ varṣamāṇaḥ
tān viprān tarpayām āsa iva ambudaḥ bhūmim varṣan

10. In this way, that king, who was like a cloud showering streams of wealth, satisfied those Brahmins, just as a rain cloud moistens the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• सः (saḥ) - referring to the king (he, that)

• वसुधाराभिः (vasudhārābhiḥ) - with streams of wealth

• वर्षमाणः (varṣamāṇaḥ) - showering, raining

• नृप (nṛpa) - king

• अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - cloud (giver of water)

• तर्पयाम् (tarpayām) - having satisfied

• आस (āsa) - he was (auxiliary verb)

• विप्रान् (viprān) - Brahmins, learned ones

• तान् (tān) - those Brahmins (those)

• वर्षन् (varṣan) - raining, showering

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - earth

• इव (iva) - like, as

• अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - a rain cloud (cloud)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - referring to the king (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वसुधाराभिः (vasudhārābhiḥ) - with streams of wealth

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vasudhārā

vasudhārā - stream of wealth, shower of riches

Compound type : tatpurusha (vasu+dhārā)

• vasu – wealth, riches, treasure
  noun (neuter)
• dhārā – stream, flow, shower
  noun (feminine)

वर्षमाणः (varṣamāṇaḥ) - showering, raining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varṣamāṇa

varṣamāṇa - showering, raining, causing to rain

Present Middle Participle

root vṛṣ (1st class) in middle voice

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

नृप (nṛpa) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (one who protects men)

compound nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from root pā)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Used in a simile, 'nṛpāmbudaḥ' - king who is a cloud.

अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - cloud (giver of water)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambuda

ambuda - cloud (literally 'water-giver')

compound ambas (water) + da (giver)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ambas+da)

• ambas – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, giver
  adjective
  from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

तर्पयाम् (tarpayām) - having satisfied

(verb)

Causative stem

root tṛp (4th class) in causative form, used as part of a periphrastic perfect with 'āsa'

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Forms a periphrastic perfect with 'āsa'.

आस (āsa) - he was (auxiliary verb)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of as

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect

Root: as (class 2)

विप्रान् (viprān) - Brahmins, learned ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, wise, sage

तान् (tān) - those Brahmins (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वर्षन् (varṣan) - raining, showering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varṣat

varṣat - raining, showering, causing to rain

Present Active Participle

root vṛṣ (1st class) in active voice

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ambudaḥ' in the simile.

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - a rain cloud (cloud)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambuda

ambuda - cloud (literally 'water-giver')

compound ambas (water) + da (giver)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ambas+da)

• ambas – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, giver
  adjective
  from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)