महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-14, verse-13

ततो धर्मसुतो राजा तत्रैवोपाविशत्प्रभुः ।
एवं नातिमहान्कालः स तेषामभ्यवर्तत ॥१३॥

13. tato dharmasuto rājā tatraivopāviśatprabhuḥ ,
evaṁ nātimahānkālaḥ sa teṣāmabhyavartata.

13. tataḥ dharmasutaḥ rājā tatra eva upāviśat prabhuḥ
evam na ati mahān kālaḥ saḥ teṣām abhyavartata

13. tataḥ dharmasutaḥ prabhuḥ rājā tatra eva upāviśat
evam teṣām na ati mahān kālaḥ saḥ abhyavartata

13. Then the king, the son of natural law (dharma) and a great lord, sat down there. In this way, not a very long time passed for them.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after the sages departed (then, thereafter, from that)

• धर्मसुतः (dharmasutaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, son of natural law (dharma) (son of dharma)

• राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (where the sages had departed from) (there, in that place)

• एव (eva) - right there, at that very spot (indeed, only, just, quite)

• उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he (Yudhiṣṭhira) sat down (he sat down)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the powerful lord (Yudhiṣṭhira) (lord, master, mighty)

• एवम् (evam) - in this way (describing the passage of time) (thus, in this manner)

• न (na) - not (a very long time) (not, no)

• अति (ati) - very (long) (very, exceedingly, over)

• महान् (mahān) - long (time) (great, large, mighty)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - period of time (time)

• सः (saḥ) - that (time) (he, that)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (Yudhiṣṭhira and his companions) (of them, for them)

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - it (the time) passed for them (it passed, it revolved, it occurred)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after the sages departed (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

धर्मसुतः (dharmasutaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, son of natural law (dharma) (son of dharma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmasuta

dharmasuta - son of dharma, son of righteousness

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dharma+suta)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• suta – son, born, produced
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (from √sū)
  From root √sū (to beget, to produce), used as a noun meaning 'son'.
  Root: sū (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

तत्र (tatra) - there (where the sages had departed from) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - right there, at that very spot (indeed, only, just, quite)

(indeclinable)

उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he (Yudhiṣṭhira) sat down (he sat down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √viś

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Imperfect 3rd singular active of √viś preceded by upasarga 'upa'.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the powerful lord (Yudhiṣṭhira) (lord, master, mighty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful, excellent

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - in this way (describing the passage of time) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (a very long time) (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अति (ati) - very (long) (very, exceedingly, over)

(indeclinable)

महान् (mahān) - long (time) (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

Note: Declined as masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'kālaḥ'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - period of time (time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death

सः (saḥ) - that (time) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Declined as masculine nominative singular, referring to 'kālaḥ'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (Yudhiṣṭhira and his companions) (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Used here with a dative sense, 'for them'.

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - it (the time) passed for them (it passed, it revolved, it occurred)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √vṛt

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Imperfect 3rd singular active, with prefixes abhi-ava. Used in the sense of time passing.