महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-93, verse-14

अभुक्तवत्सु नाश्नाति ब्राह्मणेषु तु यो नरः ।
अभोजनेन तेनास्य जितः स्वर्गो भवत्युत ॥१४॥

14. abhuktavatsu nāśnāti brāhmaṇeṣu tu yo naraḥ ,
abhojanena tenāsya jitaḥ svargo bhavatyuta.

14. abhuktavatsu na aśnāti brāhmaṇeṣu tu yaḥ naraḥ
abhojanena tena asya jitaḥ svargaḥ bhavati uta

14. tu yaḥ naraḥ brāhmaṇeṣu abhuktavatsu na aśnāti
tena abhojanena asya svargaḥ uta jitaḥ bhavati

14. However, the person who does not eat while (brahmins) have not yet eaten, by that very act of not eating, certainly conquers heaven (svarga).

Words meanings summery:

• अभुक्तवत्सु (abhuktavatsu) - upon those who have not eaten (among those who have not eaten)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats (eats, consumes)

• ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - while (brahmins) have not yet eaten (among Brahmins, in Brahmins)

• तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which, he who)

• नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

• अभोजनेन (abhojanena) - by that non-eating (by non-eating, by fasting)

• तेन (tena) - by that very (act) (by that, with that)

• अस्य (asya) - his (his, its, of him/it)

• जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered (conquered, won)

• स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, celestial world)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)

• उत (uta) - certainly, indeed (and, moreover, indeed, also)

Words meanings and morphology

अभुक्तवत्सु (abhuktavatsu) - upon those who have not eaten (among those who have not eaten)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of abhuktavat

abhuktavat - one who has not eaten

Past active participle (negated)

From root bhuj (to eat) + -tavat suffix, with negative prefix 'a'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhuktavat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• bhuktavat – one who has eaten
  participle (masculine)
  Past active participle
  From root bhuj (to eat) + -tavat suffix.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies brāhmaṇeṣu.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb aśnāti.

अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats (eats, consumes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of aś

present

parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, present indicative

Root: aś (class 9)

ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - while (brahmins) have not yet eaten (among Brahmins, in Brahmins)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, relating to Brahman, pertaining to sacred knowledge

From brahman + aṇ suffix

Note: Locative absolute construction with abhuktavatsu.

तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whatever

नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ

अभोजनेन (abhojanena) - by that non-eating (by non-eating, by fasting)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of abhojana

abhojana - non-eating, fasting, abstinence from food

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'bhojana' (eating).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhojana)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• bhojana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  From root bhuj (to eat) + -ana suffix
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

तेन (tena) - by that very (act) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the act of non-eating.

अस्य (asya) - his (his, its, of him/it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered (conquered, won)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, vanquished, won

Past Passive Participle

From root ji (to conquer) + -ta suffix.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with svargaḥ.

स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, celestial world)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode, paradise

Possibly from su-gati (good going) or svar-ga (going to light)

Note: Subject of bhavati.

भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present

parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, present indicative

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत (uta) - certainly, indeed (and, moreover, indeed, also)

(indeclinable)

Particle.