महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-93, verse-10

भीष्म उवाच ।
अन्तरा सायमाशं च प्रातराशं तथैव च ।
सदोपवासी भवति यो न भुङ्क्तेऽन्तरा पुनः ॥१०॥

10. bhīṣma uvāca ,
antarā sāyamāśaṁ ca prātarāśaṁ tathaiva ca ,
sadopavāsī bhavati yo na bhuṅkte'ntarā punaḥ.

10. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca antarā sāyamāśam ca prātarāśam tathā eva
ca sadā upavāsī bhavati yaḥ na bhuṅkte antarā punaḥ

10. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca antarā sāyamāśam ca prātarāśam tathā eva
ca sadā upavāsī bhavati yaḥ na bhuṅkte antarā punaḥ

10. Bhishma said: "One who does not eat again between the evening meal and the morning meal is considered to be always observing a fast."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अन्तरा (antarā) - between, in the middle of

• सायमाशम् (sāyamāśam) - evening meal

• च (ca) - and

• प्रातराशम् (prātarāśam) - morning meal

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, even

• च (ca) - and

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• उपवासी (upavāsī) - one who fasts, observing a fast

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• न (na) - not

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, enjoys

• अन्तरा (antarā) - between, in the middle of

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; Bhishma (son of Shantanu)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active third person singular

reduplicated perfect, root vac/uc

Root: vac (class 2)

अन्तरा (antarā) - between, in the middle of

(indeclinable)

सायमाशम् (sāyamāśam) - evening meal

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāyamāśa

sāyamāśa - evening meal

Compound: sāyam + āśa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāyam+āśa)

• sāyam – evening
  indeclinable
• āśa – food, eating
  noun (masculine)
  From root aś
  Root: aś (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रातराशम् (prātarāśam) - morning meal

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prātarāśa

prātarāśa - morning meal, breakfast

Compound: prātar + āśa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prātar+āśa)

• prātar – early in the morning
  indeclinable
• āśa – food, eating
  noun (masculine)
  From root aś
  Root: aś (class 9)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, even

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

उपवासी (upavāsī) - one who fasts, observing a fast

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upavāsin

upavāsin - one who fasts, a faster

Derived from upa-vas 'to fast'

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 4)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present active third person singular

root bhū, class 1, present indicative

Root: bhū (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Present middle third person singular

root bhuj, class 7, present indicative, ātmanepada

Root: bhuj (class 7)

अन्तरा (antarā) - between, in the middle of

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover

(indeclinable)