महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-68, verse-15

भिक्षवे बहुपुत्राय श्रोत्रियायाहिताग्नये ।
दत्त्वा दशगवां दाता लोकानाप्नोत्यनुत्तमान् ॥१५॥

15. bhikṣave bahuputrāya śrotriyāyāhitāgnaye ,
dattvā daśagavāṁ dātā lokānāpnotyanuttamān.

15. bhikṣave bahu-putrāya śrotriyāya āhita-agnaye
dattvā daśa-gavām dātā lokān āpnoti anuttamān

15. dattvā daśa-gavām bhikṣave bahu-putrāya śrotriyāya
āhita-agnaye dātā anuttamān lokān āpnoti

15. Having given ten cows to a mendicant, to a person with many sons, to a Brahmin learned in the Vedas (śrotriya), or to one who has established the sacred fire (āhitāgni), the donor (dātā) attains unsurpassed realms.

Words meanings summery:

• भिक्षवे (bhikṣave) - to a mendicant (to a mendicant, to a beggar)

• बहु-पुत्राय (bahu-putrāya) - to a person with many sons (to one with many sons, to one having many children)

• श्रोत्रियाय (śrotriyāya) - to a Brahmin learned in the Vedas (śrotriya) (to a learned Brahmin, to one well-versed in the Vedas)

• आहित-अग्नये (āhita-agnaye) - to one who has established the sacred fire (āhitāgni) (to one who has established the sacred fires)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

• दश-गवाम् (daśa-gavām) - ten cows (of ten cows)

• दाता (dātā) - the donor (dātā) (giver, donor)

• लोकान् (lokān) - realms (worlds, realms, regions)

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains (attains, obtains, reaches)

• अनुत्तमान् (anuttamān) - unsurpassed (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

Words meanings and morphology

भिक्षवे (bhikṣave) - to a mendicant (to a mendicant, to a beggar)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhikṣu

bhikṣu - mendicant, beggar, Buddhist monk

from root bhikṣ (to beg)

Root: bhikṣ (class 1)

बहु-पुत्राय (bahu-putrāya) - to a person with many sons (to one with many sons, to one having many children)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of bahu-putra

bahu-putra - having many sons/children

bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+putra)

• bahu – much, many, numerous
  adjective
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implied recipient.

श्रोत्रियाय (śrotriyāya) - to a Brahmin learned in the Vedas (śrotriya) (to a learned Brahmin, to one well-versed in the Vedas)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of śrotriya

śrotriya - a Brahmin who has studied the Vedas, learned in sacred texts

from śrotra (ear, Veda)

आहित-अग्नये (āhita-agnaye) - to one who has established the sacred fire (āhitāgni) (to one who has established the sacred fires)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of āhita-agni

āhita-agni - one who has consecrated and maintains the sacred fires (for Vedic rituals)

bahuvrīhi compound: one in whom the fire has been placed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āhita+agni)

• āhita – placed, consecrated, established
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhā (to place) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• agni – fire, sacred fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root dā (class 3, ubhayapādin) with suffix -tvā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Forms a compound action with the main verb 'āpnoti'.

दश-गवाम् (daśa-gavām) - ten cows (of ten cows)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of daśa-go

daśa-go - ten cows

compound of daśa (ten) and go (cow)

Compound type : dvigu (daśa+go)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• go – cow, ox
  noun (feminine)

Note: Genitive case indicating 'of ten cows', which is the object being given.

दाता (dātā) - the donor (dātā) (giver, donor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dātṛ

dātṛ - giver, donor, bestower

agent noun

from root dā (to give) with suffix -tṛ

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The subject of 'āpnoti'.

लोकान् (lokān) - realms (worlds, realms, regions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, space

Note: The object of 'āpnoti'.

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains (attains, obtains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āp

present tense, 3rd person singular

root āp (class 5, parasmāipada)

Root: āp (class 5)

अनुत्तमान् (anuttamān) - unsurpassed (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anuttama

anuttama - unrivalled, best, supreme, unsurpassed

compound of an (not) and uttama (best)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+uttama)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• uttama – highest, best, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of ud (up)

Note: Agrees with 'lokān'.