महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-68, verse-9

प्रचारे वा निपाने वा बुधो नोद्वेजयेत गाः ।
तृषिता ह्यभिवीक्षन्त्यो नरं हन्युः सबान्धवम् ॥९॥

9. pracāre vā nipāne vā budho nodvejayeta gāḥ ,
tṛṣitā hyabhivīkṣantyo naraṁ hanyuḥ sabāndhavam.

9. pracāre vā nipāne vā budhaḥ na udvejayet gāḥ
tṛṣitā hi abhivīkṣantyaḥ naram hanyuḥ sabāndhavam

9. A discerning person should not disturb cows, whether they are grazing or at a watering place. For thirsty cows, if they look upon a man, would indeed kill that person along with his kinsmen.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रचारे (pracāre) - while grazing/roaming (in roaming, in movement, in circulation)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• निपाने (nipāne) - at a watering place (at a watering place, at a drinking place)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• बुधः (budhaḥ) - a discerning person, a wise person (wise person, enlightened person, Mercury (planet))

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उद्वेजयेत् (udvejayet) - should disturb, should agitate (should disturb, should agitate, should alarm)

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

• तृषिता (tṛṣitā) - thirsty (cows) (thirsty, desirous)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• अभिवीक्षन्त्यः (abhivīkṣantyaḥ) - if they look at, seeing (looking at, observing, seeing)

• नरम् (naram) - a man, that person (man, person)

• हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - they would kill (they would kill, they would strike)

• सबान्धवम् (sabāndhavam) - along with his kinsmen (with relatives, with kinsmen)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रचारे (pracāre) - while grazing/roaming (in roaming, in movement, in circulation)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pracāra

pracāra - movement, roaming, course, circulation, practice

From pra-√car (to move, go forth) + -a (suffix)

Prefix: pra

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to the activity of cows.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

निपाने (nipāne) - at a watering place (at a watering place, at a drinking place)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nipāna

nipāna - drinking, a drinking place, a watering place for cattle

From ni-√pā (to drink) + -ana (suffix)

Prefix: ni

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the location.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

बुधः (budhaḥ) - a discerning person, a wise person (wise person, enlightened person, Mercury (planet))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned, a wise man, the planet Mercury

From root budh (to know, understand)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'udvejayet'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

उद्वेजयेत् (udvejayet) - should disturb, should agitate (should disturb, should agitate, should alarm)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of udvij

Causative of ud-√vij

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Indicates a recommendation or rule.

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, ray of light, earth

Note: Object of 'udvejayet'.

तृषिता (tṛṣitā) - thirsty (cows) (thirsty, desirous)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tṛṣita

tṛṣita - thirsty, desirous

Past Passive Participle

From root tṛṣ (to thirst) + -ita suffix

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'hanyuḥ'.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अभिवीक्षन्त्यः (abhivīkṣantyaḥ) - if they look at, seeing (looking at, observing, seeing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of abhivīkṣant

abhivīkṣat - looking at, observing, seeing

Present Active Participle

From abhi-√īkṣ (to look at, see) + -at (present participle suffix)

Prefix: abhi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Acts as a participle modifying 'tṛṣitāḥ'.

नरम् (naram) - a man, that person (man, person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, hero

Root: nṛ

Note: Object of 'hanyuḥ'.

हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - they would kill (they would kill, they would strike)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Corresponds to the plural subject 'tṛṣitāḥ'.

सबान्धवम् (sabāndhavam) - along with his kinsmen (with relatives, with kinsmen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sabāndhava

sabāndhava - with relatives, having relatives, accompanied by kinsmen

From sa (with) + bāndhava (relative, kinsman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bāndhava)

• sa – with, together, having
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment
• bāndhava – kinsman, relative, friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'naram'.