महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-68, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
भूय एव कुरुश्रेष्ठ दानानां विधिमुत्तमम् ।
कथयस्व महाप्राज्ञ भूमिदानं विशेषतः ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
bhūya eva kuruśreṣṭha dānānāṁ vidhimuttamam ,
kathayasva mahāprājña bhūmidānaṁ viśeṣataḥ.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca bhūyaḥ eva kuruśreṣṭha dānānām vidhim
uttamam kathayasva mahāprājña bhūmidānam viśeṣataḥ

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca he kuruśreṣṭha,
he mahāprājña,
bhūyaḥ eva dānānām uttamam vidhim,
viśeṣataḥ bhūmidānam,
kathayasva

1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "O best among the Kurus, O highly wise one, please tell me again the excellent procedure for making donations (dāna), especially regarding the gift of land."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The speaker of the verse. (Yudhiṣṭhira (name of a Pāṇḍava prince))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, more, further

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word. (indeed, just, only)

• कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - An address to a wise person. (O best among Kurus)

• दानानाम् (dānānām) - of donations/gifts

• विधिम् (vidhim) - rule, procedure, method

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

• कथयस्व (kathayasva) - tell, narrate

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - An address to a highly knowledgeable person. (O highly wise one)

• भूमिदानम् (bhūmidānam) - The specific type of donation being requested about. (gift of land)

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - Emphasizes the importance of discussing land donations. (especially, particularly)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The speaker of the verse. (Yudhiṣṭhira (name of a Pāṇḍava prince))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

Compound 'yudhi-sthira' (one who is steady in battle)

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, active voice

root vac, Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Anomaly due to strong root form.

Root: vac (class 2)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, more, further

(indeclinable)

Comparative adverb from √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word. (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - An address to a wise person. (O best among Kurus)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty), a descendant of Kuru
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya/praśasta (excellent)

दानानाम् (dānānām) - of donations/gifts

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of dāna

dāna - gift, donation, giving

From root √dā

Root: dā (class 3)

विधिम् (vidhim) - rule, procedure, method

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, procedure, ordinance, fate

From vi-√dhā

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - best, highest, excellent, supreme

Superlative from ut (up).

Note: Adjective modifying 'vidhim'.

कथयस्व (kathayasva) - tell, narrate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kath

Imperative mood, middle voice

root kath (denominative from kathā 'story'), 10th class, middle voice, imperative, 2nd person singular

Root: kath (class 10)

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - An address to a highly knowledgeable person. (O highly wise one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - very wise, highly intelligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• prājña – wise, discerning, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)
  From pra-√jñā
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

भूमिदानम् (bhūmidānam) - The specific type of donation being requested about. (gift of land)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhūmidāna

bhūmidāna - gift of land

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+dāna)

• bhūmi – earth, land, ground, soil
  noun (feminine)
• dāna – gift, donation, giving
  noun (neuter)
  From root √dā
  Root: dā (class 3)

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - Emphasizes the importance of discussing land donations. (especially, particularly)

(indeclinable)

Tasil affix from viśeṣa (distinction).