महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-68, verse-14

भीष्म उवाच ।
असद्वृत्ताय पापाय लुब्धायानृतवादिने ।
हव्यकव्यव्यपेताय न देया गौः कथंचन ॥१४॥

14. bhīṣma uvāca ,
asadvṛttāya pāpāya lubdhāyānṛtavādine ,
havyakavyavyapetāya na deyā gauḥ kathaṁcana.

14. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca asat-vṛttāya pāpāya lubdhāya anṛta-vādine
havya-kavya-vyapetāya na deyā gauḥ kathaṃcana

14. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca gauḥ asat-vṛttāya pāpāya lubdhāya
anṛta-vādine havya-kavya-vyapetāya ca kathaṃcana na deyā

14. Bhīṣma said: "A cow should never be given to someone of bad conduct, to a sinner, to a greedy person, to a liar, or to one who neglects the prescribed Vedic rituals (yagña) for gods and ancestors."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru warrior)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• असत्-वृत्ताय (asat-vṛttāya) - to one of bad conduct (to one of bad conduct, to one ill-behaved)

• पापाय (pāpāya) - to a sinner (to a sinner, to an evil person)

• लुब्धाय (lubdhāya) - to a greedy person (to a greedy one)

• अनृत-वादिने (anṛta-vādine) - to a liar (to a liar, to one who speaks untruth)

• हव्य-कव्य-व्यपेताय (havya-kavya-vyapetāya) - to one who neglects prescribed Vedic rituals (yagña) for gods and ancestors (to one devoid of offerings to gods and ancestors)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• देया (deyā) - should be given (should be given, to be given)

• गौः (gauḥ) - a cow (cow)

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - never (by no means, in no way, never)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - fearsome; a proper name (Bhīṣma)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular

root vac (class 2, parasmāipada) perfect form

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Often translated as 'said' in narrative contexts.

असत्-वृत्ताय (asat-vṛttāya) - to one of bad conduct (to one of bad conduct, to one ill-behaved)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of asat-vṛtta

asat-vṛtta - of bad conduct, ill-behaved

compound of asat (bad) and vṛtta (conduct)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (asat+vṛtta)

• asat – non-existent, bad, evil
  adjective
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, occurrence
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vṛt
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied recipient.

पापाय (pāpāya) - to a sinner (to a sinner, to an evil person)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, wicked, sin, sinner

लुब्धाय (lubdhāya) - to a greedy person (to a greedy one)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous, eager

Past Passive Participle

from root lubh (class 4, 6, or 1) with suffix -ta

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with implied recipient.

अनृत-वादिने (anṛta-vādine) - to a liar (to a liar, to one who speaks untruth)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of anṛta-vādin

anṛta-vādin - liar, speaking untruth

compound of anṛta (untruth) and vādin (speaker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anṛta+vādin)

• anṛta – untruth, falsehood
  noun (neuter)
  negation (an-) of ṛta (truth)
• vādin – speaking, speaker
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root vad (class 1, parasmāipada) with suffix -in
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied recipient.

हव्य-कव्य-व्यपेताय (havya-kavya-vyapetāya) - to one who neglects prescribed Vedic rituals (yagña) for gods and ancestors (to one devoid of offerings to gods and ancestors)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of havya-kavya-vyapeta

havya-kavya-vyapeta - one who has abandoned offerings to gods (havya) and ancestors (kavya)

bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (havya+kavya+vyapeta)

• havya – offering to gods, sacrificial food
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root hu (to offer)
  Root: hu (class 3)
• kavya – offering to ancestors, food for ancestors
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root kū (to sound)
  Root: kū (class 2)
• vyapeta – departed, gone away from, devoid of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root i (to go) with prefixes vi + apa
  Prefixes: vi+apa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with implied recipient.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

देया (deyā) - should be given (should be given, to be given)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of deya

deya - to be given, gift

gerundive (kṛtya)

from root dā (class 3, ubhayapādin) with suffix -ya

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'gauḥ'.

गौः (gauḥ) - a cow (cow)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, earth, ray of light

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - never (by no means, in no way, never)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'na' to form a strong negation.