महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-68, verse-10

पितृसद्मानि सततं देवतायतनानि च ।
पूयन्ते शकृता यासां पूतं किमधिकं ततः ॥१०॥

10. pitṛsadmāni satataṁ devatāyatanāni ca ,
pūyante śakṛtā yāsāṁ pūtaṁ kimadhikaṁ tataḥ.

10. pitṛsadmāni satatam devatāyatanāni ca
pūyante śakṛtā yāsām pūtam kim adhikam tataḥ

10. Ancestral homes and temples of deities are constantly purified by their dung. What could be purer or greater than that?

Words meanings summery:

• पितृसद्मानि (pitṛsadmāni) - ancestral homes (ancestral homes, abodes of ancestors)

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

• देवतायतनानि (devatāyatanāni) - temples of deities (temples of deities, abodes of gods)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पूयन्ते (pūyante) - they are purified (they are purified, they become clean)

• शकृता (śakṛtā) - by dung (by dung, by feces)

• यासाम् (yāsām) - of their (i.e., of cows) (of which (feminine plural))

• पूतम् (pūtam) - purity (as a noun here) (purified, pure, sacred)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what? who? which?)

• अधिकम् (adhikam) - greater, more (more, greater, excessive)

• ततः (tataḥ) - than that (from that, thence, therefore, then)

Words meanings and morphology

पितृसद्मानि (pitṛsadmāni) - ancestral homes (ancestral homes, abodes of ancestors)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pitṛsadman

pitṛsadman - ancestral dwelling, abode of ancestors

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+sadman)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• sadman – house, dwelling, abode
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'pūyante'.

सततम् (satatam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

From sa (with) + tata (stretched, extended)

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'pūyante'.

देवतायतनानि (devatāyatanāni) - temples of deities (temples of deities, abodes of gods)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of devatāyatana

devatāyatana - temple, abode of a deity

From devatā (deity) + āyatana (abode, temple)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (devatā+āyatana)

• devatā – deity, divinity
  noun (feminine)
• āyatana – abode, dwelling, temple, seat
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Co-subject with 'pitṛsadmāni'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पूयन्ते (pūyante) - they are purified (they are purified, they become clean)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pū

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with plural subjects.

शकृता (śakṛtā) - by dung (by dung, by feces)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śakṛt

śakṛt - dung, feces

Note: Instrument of purification.

यासाम् (yāsām) - of their (i.e., of cows) (of which (feminine plural))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Possessive, referring to the source of the dung.

पूतम् (pūtam) - purity (as a noun here) (purified, pure, sacred)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pūta

pūta - purified, clean, sacred, holy

Past Passive Participle

From root pū (to purify) + -ta suffix

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun meaning 'purity' in this context.

किम् (kim) - what? (what? who? which?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, who?, which?, whether

Interrogative pronoun

Note: Forms an interrogative phrase.

अधिकम् (adhikam) - greater, more (more, greater, excessive)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhika

adhika - additional, superior, excessive, greater

From adhi (above) + -ka (suffix)

Note: Agrees with 'pūtam' implicitly, or with 'kim'.

ततः (tataḥ) - than that (from that, thence, therefore, then)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + -tas (ablative suffix)