महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-66, verse-2

पानीयदानं परमं कथं चेह महाफलम् ।
इत्येतच्छ्रोतुमिच्छामि विस्तरेण पितामह ॥२॥

2. pānīyadānaṁ paramaṁ kathaṁ ceha mahāphalam ,
ityetacchrotumicchāmi vistareṇa pitāmaha.

2. pānīyadānam paramam katham ca iha mahāphalam
iti etat śrotum icchāmi vistareṇa pitāmaha

2. pitāmaha,
pānīyadānam katham paramam ca iha mahāphalam (asti).
iti etat vistareṇa śrotum icchāmi.

2. "How is the donation of water supreme, and how does it yield great reward in this world? I wish to hear this in detail, O grandfather."

Words meanings summery:

• पानीयदानम् (pānīyadānam) - donation of water

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, excellent

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• च (ca) - and

• इह (iha) - here, in this world/context

• महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - of great reward, yielding great fruit

• इति (iti) - thus, this (referring to the preceding question)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the specific question asked)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, in order to hear

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - Used by Yudhiṣṭhira to address Bhīṣma. (O grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

पानीयदानम् (pānīyadānam) - donation of water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pānīyadāna

pānīyadāna - donation of drinking water

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpurusha (pānīya+dāna)

• pānīya – drinkable, potable; water (as a noun)
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'pā' (to drink) with 'anīyar' suffix.
  Root: pā (class 1)
• dāna – giving, donation, gift
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dā' (to give) with 'lyuṭ' suffix.
  Root: dā (class 3)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent, ultimate

Superlative form of 'para' (other, distant).

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world/context

(indeclinable)

महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - of great reward, yielding great fruit

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāphala

mahāphala - having great fruit/result/reward; of great benefit

Compound word.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+phala)

• mahat – great, large, mighty, important
  adjective (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

इति (iti) - thus, this (referring to the preceding question)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the specific question asked)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, in order to hear

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root 'śru' (to hear) with 'tumun' suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active

1st person singular, Present tense, active voice.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extent, expanse, detail, elaboration, full description

पितामह (pitāmaha) - Used by Yudhiṣṭhira to address Bhīṣma. (O grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather; Brahma (as great father)