महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-66, verse-10

तां गतिं लभते दत्त्वा द्विजस्यान्नं विशां पते ।
गतिं विशिष्टां गच्छन्ति प्राणदा इति नः श्रुतम् ॥१०॥

10. tāṁ gatiṁ labhate dattvā dvijasyānnaṁ viśāṁ pate ,
gatiṁ viśiṣṭāṁ gacchanti prāṇadā iti naḥ śrutam.

10. tām gatim labhate dattvā dvijasya annam viśām pate
| gatim viśiṣṭām gacchanti prāṇadāḥ iti naḥ śrutam

10. viśām pate,
dvijasya annam dattvā tām gatim labhate iti naḥ śrutam prāṇadāḥ viśiṣṭām gatim gacchanti

10. O lord of the people, by giving food to a twice-born (dvija), one attains that destination. Indeed, it has been heard by us that those who give life (prāṇa) achieve a distinguished destination.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (feminine, accusative singular)

• गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination, path, course

• लभते (labhate) - obtains, gains, receives

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

• द्विजस्य (dvijasya) - of a twice-born (dvija), referring to a brahmin (of a twice-born, of a brahmin, of a bird, of a snake)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice, grain

• विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination, path, course

• विशिष्टाम् (viśiṣṭām) - distinguished, special, excellent, superior

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go, they attain, they reach

• प्राणदाः (prāṇadāḥ) - givers of life, preservers of life

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech or a conclusion

• नः (naḥ) - by us (by us (dative of agent), to us, our)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it has been heard (heard, listened, revealed)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (feminine, accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers back to the 'state' or 'destination' (gati) implicitly mentioned in the previous verse (i.e., attained by Śibi).

गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination, path, course

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, state, destination, destiny

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'labhate'.

लभते (labhate) - obtains, gains, receives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of labh

Present Indicative

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: The implied agent is 'one who gives food'.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

द्विजस्य (dvijasya) - of a twice-born (dvija), referring to a brahmin (of a twice-born, of a brahmin, of a bird, of a snake)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, tooth, snake

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Suffix -ja (from root jan)
  derived from the root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Indicates the recipient or for whom the food is given.

अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice, grain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, cooked rice

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of 'dattvā'.

विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

Note: Part of the vocative compound 'viśām pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Combined with 'viśām' forms 'O lord of the people'.

गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination, path, course

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, state, destination, destiny

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gacchanti'.

विशिष्टाम् (viśiṣṭām) - distinguished, special, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - distinguished, excellent, special, particular, superior

Past Passive Participle

from root śiṣ (to distinguish) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'gatim'.

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go, they attain, they reach

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Indicative

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The agent is 'prāṇadāḥ'.

प्राणदाः (prāṇadāḥ) - givers of life, preservers of life

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṇada

prāṇada - giver of life

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+da)

• prāṇa – life, vital breath
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• da – giver, bestower
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'gacchanti'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech or a conclusion

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the reported statement.

नः (naḥ) - by us (by us (dative of agent), to us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Functions as the agent of the passive participle 'śrutam'.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it has been heard (heard, listened, revealed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, revealed, famous, learned

Past Passive Participle

from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Used as the predicate; 'it is heard'.