महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-93, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
गीतं दृष्टार्थतत्त्वेन वामदेवेन धीमता ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
gītaṁ dṛṣṭārthatattvena vāmadevena dhīmatā.

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam
purātanam gītam dṛṣṭārthatattvena vāmadevena dhīmatā

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api udāharanti imam purātanam
itihāsam dhīmatā dṛṣṭārthatattvena vāmadevena gītam

2. Bhishma said: Concerning this matter, they also relate this ancient narrative, which was sung by the intelligent Vamadeva, who had realized the essence of truth.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they narrate, they relate, they cite

• इमम् (imam) - referring to the ancient historical account (this)

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account, legend, story

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - referring to the historical account (ancient, old)

• गीतम् (gītam) - referring to the historical account (sung, narrated)

• दृष्टार्थतत्त्वेन (dṛṣṭārthatattvena) - by Vamadeva, who understood the fundamental truth (by one who has seen the essence of reality/truth)

• वामदेवेन (vāmadevena) - by Vamadeva

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - by Vamadeva (by the intelligent, by the wise)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru patriarch)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd conjugation) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb from pronominal base 'idam'.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they narrate, they relate, they cite

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udāhṛ

Present Active

Root 'hṛ' with upasargas 'ud' and 'ā'. 3rd person plural, present tense.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - referring to the ancient historical account (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account, legend, story

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, traditional account, epic

From 'iti ha āsa' (thus indeed it was).

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - referring to the historical account (ancient, old)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, former

From 'purā' (formerly) + suffix '-tana'.

गीतम् (gītam) - referring to the historical account (sung, narrated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gīta

gīta - sung, chanted, narrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gai' (to sing).

Root: gai (class 1)

Note: Functions here as an adjective modifying 'itihāsam'.

दृष्टार्थतत्त्वेन (dṛṣṭārthatattvena) - by Vamadeva, who understood the fundamental truth (by one who has seen the essence of reality/truth)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭārthatattva

dṛṣṭārthatattva - one who has seen the essence of truth/reality, an enlightened sage

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛṣṭa+artha+tattva)

• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, reality
  noun (masculine)
• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
  From 'tad' (that) + 'tva' (suffix for abstract noun).

Note: Agrees with 'vāmadevena'.

वामदेवेन (vāmadevena) - by Vamadeva

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāmadeva

vāmadeva - Vamadeva (name of an ancient sage)

धीमता (dhīmatā) - by Vamadeva (by the intelligent, by the wise)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, sagacious

From 'dhī' (intellect) + suffix '-mat'.

Note: Agrees with 'vāmadevena'.