महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-93, verse-18

यस्य नास्ति गुरुर्धर्मे न चान्याननुपृच्छति ।
सुखतन्त्रोऽर्थलाभेषु न चिरं महदश्नुते ॥१८॥

18. yasya nāsti gururdharme na cānyānanupṛcchati ,
sukhatantro'rthalābheṣu na ciraṁ mahadaśnute.

18. yasya na asti guruḥ dharme na ca anyān anupṛcchati
sukhatantraḥ arthalābheṣu na ciram mahat aśnute

18. yasya dharme guruḥ na asti ca anyān na anupṛcchati
arthalābheṣu sukhatantraḥ mahat ciram na aśnute

18. He who has no teacher (guru) in matters of natural law (dharma) and does not inquire of others, being driven by comfort in the pursuit of material gains, does not long attain greatness.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher, weighty, revered

• धर्मे (dharme) - in matters of natural law (dharma) (in natural law, in duty, in virtue, in righteousness)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्यान् (anyān) - others

• अनुपृच्छति (anupṛcchati) - inquires, asks

• सुखतन्त्रः (sukhatantraḥ) - driven by comfort (dependent on pleasure, self-indulgent)

• अर्थलाभेषु (arthalābheṣu) - in the pursuit of material gains (in gains of wealth, in pursuits of profit)

• न (na) - not, no

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• महत् (mahat) - greatness (as an achievement) (great, greatness, importance)

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, obtains, enjoys

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to the person being described.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present active

3rd singular present active indicative

Root: as (class 2)

गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher, weighty, revered

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual preceptor; heavy, important

धर्मे (dharme) - in matters of natural law (dharma) (in natural law, in duty, in virtue, in righteousness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्यान् (anyān) - others

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

अनुपृच्छति (anupṛcchati) - inquires, asks

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pṛcch

present active

3rd singular present active indicative

Prefix: anu

Root: pṛcch (class 6)

Note: The prefix 'anu' means 'after, along, following', in this context implying continuous or repeated inquiry.

सुखतन्त्रः (sukhatantraḥ) - driven by comfort (dependent on pleasure, self-indulgent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhatantra

sukhatantra - dependent on pleasure/comfort, self-indulgent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+tantra)

• sukha – comfort, pleasure, happiness
  noun (neuter)
• tantra – thread, loom, system, doctrine, dependent
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the person.

अर्थलाभेषु (arthalābheṣu) - in the pursuit of material gains (in gains of wealth, in pursuits of profit)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of arthalābha

arthalābha - gain of wealth, acquisition of profit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+lābha)

• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material possession
  noun (masculine)
• lābha – gain, acquisition, profit
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'labh' (to obtain) with suffix 'ghañ'
  Root: labh (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially.

महत् (mahat) - greatness (as an achievement) (great, greatness, importance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important; greatness (as a noun)

Present active participle of 'mah' (to be great) or a nominalized form.

Root: mah (class 1)

अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, obtains, enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

present middle

3rd singular present middle indicative

Root: aś (class 5)