महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-51, verse-16

व्यावृत्तमात्रे भगवत्युदीचीं सूर्ये दिशं कालवशात्प्रपन्ने ।
गन्तासि लोकान्पुरुषप्रवीर नावर्तते यानुपलभ्य विद्वान् ॥१६॥

16. vyāvṛttamātre bhagavatyudīcīṁ; sūrye diśaṁ kālavaśātprapanne ,
gantāsi lokānpuruṣapravīra; nāvartate yānupalabhya vidvān.

16. vyāvṛttamātre bhagavati udīcīm
sūrye diśam kālavaśāt prapanne
gantā asi lokān puruṣapravīra na
āvartate yān upalabhya vidvān

16. puruṣapravīra,
bhagavati sūrye kālavaśāt udīcīm diśam vyāvṛttamātre prapanne (sati),
(tvam) yān lokān upalabhya vidvān na āvartate,
(tān) lokān gantā asi

16. O best among men (puruṣapravīra), as soon as the venerable sun, by the influence of time, has entered the northern direction, you will go to those realms from which a wise person, having attained them, does not return.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यावृत्तमात्रे (vyāvṛttamātre) - as soon as turned, immediately after turning

• भगवति (bhagavati) - venerable, divine, glorious (locative singular)

• उदीचीम् (udīcīm) - northern, towards the north

• सूर्ये (sūrye) - in the sun, when the sun

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• कालवशात् (kālavaśāt) - by the power of time, due to time

• प्रपन्ने (prapanne) - having entered, having reached

• गन्ता (gantā) - one who will go, you will go

• असि (asi) - you are

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

• पुरुषप्रवीर (puruṣapravīra) - Address to Bhishma. (O best among men, O foremost of men)

• न (na) - not

• आवर्तते (āvartate) - returns, revolves

• यान् (yān) - which (masculine plural accusative)

• उपलभ्य (upalabhya) - having obtained, having attained

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, one who knows

Words meanings and morphology

व्यावृत्तमात्रे (vyāvṛttamātre) - as soon as turned, immediately after turning

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vyāvṛttamātra

vyāvṛttamātra - immediately after turning

From vi-ā-vṛt (to turn away) + mātra (only, mere)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vyāvṛtta+mātra)

• vyāvṛtta – turned away, returned, ceased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-ā-vṛt
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• mātra – mere, only
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix expressing 'mere' or 'only'

Note: Qualifies sūrye, used in a locative absolute construction.

भगवति (bhagavati) - venerable, divine, glorious (locative singular)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, divine, glorious, possessing fortune

From bhaga (fortune) + matup suffix

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sūrye, part of locative absolute.

उदीचीम् (udīcīm) - northern, towards the north

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of udīcī

udīcī - northern (feminine)

From ud- + añc (to bend, go)

Prefix: ud

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies diśam.

सूर्ये (sūrye) - in the sun, when the sun

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun

Root: sū

Note: Subject of the locative absolute construction.

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter

From root diś (to point, show)

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of prapanne.

कालवशात् (kālavaśāt) - by the power of time, due to time

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kālavaśa

kālavaśa - power of time, control of time

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kāla+vaśa)

• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 1)
• vaśa – power, control, will
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś

Note: Expresses cause or reason.

प्रपन्ने (prapanne) - having entered, having reached

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prapanna

prapanna - entered, reached, approached

Past Passive Participle

From pra- + pad (to go)

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies sūrye, part of locative absolute.

गन्ता (gantā) - one who will go, you will go

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gantṛ

gantṛ - one who goes, goes, will go

Agent Noun (future sense)

From gam (to go) + tṛc suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively with asi.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Object of gantā.

पुरुषप्रवीर (puruṣapravīra) - Address to Bhishma. (O best among men, O foremost of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣapravīra

puruṣapravīra - best among men, foremost of men

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+pravīra)

• puruṣa – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pṛ
• pravīra – hero, chief, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  From pra- + vīra (hero)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vīr

Note: Vocative address to Bhishma.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

आवर्तते (āvartate) - returns, revolves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of āvṛt

From ā- + vṛt (to turn)

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject is vidvān.

यान् (yān) - which (masculine plural accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Refers to lokān.

उपलभ्य (upalabhya) - having obtained, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From upa- + labh (to obtain)

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, one who knows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - wise, knowing, learned person

Present Active Participle

From vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of āvartate.