महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-233, verse-4

यां दिशं विद्यया यान्ति यां च गच्छन्ति कर्मणा ।
शृणुष्वैकमनाः पुत्र गह्वरं ह्येतदन्तरम् ॥४॥

4. yāṁ diśaṁ vidyayā yānti yāṁ ca gacchanti karmaṇā ,
śṛṇuṣvaikamanāḥ putra gahvaraṁ hyetadantaram.

4. yām diśam vidyayā yānti yām ca gacchanti karmaṇā
śṛṇuṣva ekamanāḥ putra gahvaram hi etat antaram

4. putra,
ekamanāḥ śṛṇuṣva yām diśam vidyayā yānti ca yām karmaṇā gacchanti hi etat antaram gahvaram (asti)

4. Listen, O son, with a concentrated mind to the direction people go by means of knowledge, and the direction they go by means of action (karma); for this distinction is indeed profound.

Words meanings summery:

• याम् (yām) - the direction which (which (feminine singular accusative))

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter, region)

• विद्यया (vidyayā) - by means of knowledge (by knowledge, by learning)

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go (they go, they proceed)

• याम् (yām) - the direction which (which (feminine singular accusative))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go (they go, they move)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by means of action (karma) (by action, by deed, by ritual)

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (O son) (listen (you singular), hear)

• एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - with a concentrated mind (single-minded, concentrated)

• पुत्र (putra) - O son (son)

• गह्वरम् (gahvaram) - profound (profound, deep, difficult to penetrate, dense)

• हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, for, because)

• एतत् (etat) - this (this, this (neuter))

• अन्तरम् (antaram) - distinction (difference, distinction, interval, interior)

Words meanings and morphology

याम् (yām) - the direction which (which (feminine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Relative pronoun modifying 'diśam'.

दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter, region)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Note: Object of 'yānti' and 'gacchanti'.

विद्यया (vidyayā) - by means of knowledge (by knowledge, by learning)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means of going.

यान्ति (yānti) - they go (they go, they proceed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

present active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, P.P. (Parasmaipada) of root yā-

Root: yā (class 2)

याम् (yām) - the direction which (which (feminine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Relative pronoun modifying 'diśam' (understood).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go (they go, they move)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

present active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, P.P. (Parasmaipada) of root gam-

Root: gam (class 1)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by means of action (karma) (by action, by deed, by ritual)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, ritual action, fate

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the means of going.

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (O son) (listen (you singular), hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative middle

2nd person singular, imperative mood, middle voice, Ā.P. (Ātmanepada) of root śru-

Root: śru (class 5)

एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - with a concentrated mind (single-minded, concentrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekamanas

ekamanas - single-minded, attentive, concentrated

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+manas)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Vocative sense, 'O you who are single-minded'.

पुत्र (putra) - O son (son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

गह्वरम् (gahvaram) - profound (profound, deep, difficult to penetrate, dense)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gahvara

gahvara - deep, profound, dense, inaccessible

Note: Predicative adjective for 'antaram'.

हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (this, this (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the 'distinction' (antaram).

अन्तरम् (antaram) - distinction (difference, distinction, interval, interior)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - difference, distinction, interval, interior, inner

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti'.