महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-233, verse-15

विद्यामयोऽन्यः पुरुषस्तात कर्ममयोऽपरः ।
विद्धि चन्द्रमसं दर्शे सूक्ष्मया कलया स्थितम् ॥१५॥

15. vidyāmayo'nyaḥ puruṣastāta karmamayo'paraḥ ,
viddhi candramasaṁ darśe sūkṣmayā kalayā sthitam.

15. vidyāmayaḥ anyaḥ puruṣaḥ tāta karmamayaḥ aparaḥ
viddhi candramasam darśe sūkṣmayā kalayā sthitam

15. tāta anyaḥ puruṣaḥ vidyāmayaḥ aparaḥ karmamayaḥ
viddhi candramasam darśe sūkṣmayā kalayā sthitam

15. Dear son (tāta), one cosmic person (puruṣa) is composed of knowledge, and another is composed of action (karma). Understand that on the new moon day (darśa), the moon is present with only a subtle fraction (kalā).

Words meanings summery:

• विद्यामयः (vidyāmayaḥ) - consisting of knowledge, full of knowledge, characterized by knowledge

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another, other, different

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, cosmic person

• तात (tāta) - dear son (as an address) (dear father, dear son, my child)

• कर्ममयः (karmamayaḥ) - consisting of action, full of action, characterized by action

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - the other, another

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

• चन्द्रमसम् (candramasam) - the moon

• दर्शे (darśe) - on the new moon day (darśa) (on the new moon day, at conjunction, in appearance)

• सूक्ष्मया (sūkṣmayā) - by subtle, by fine

• कलया (kalayā) - by a subtle fraction (kalā) (by a digit, by a part, by a fraction)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - remaining present (situated, abiding, standing, remaining)

Words meanings and morphology

विद्यामयः (vidyāmayaḥ) - consisting of knowledge, full of knowledge, characterized by knowledge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidyāmaya

vidyāmaya - consisting of knowledge, full of knowledge

Compound: vidyā (knowledge) + maya (consisting of)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vidyā+maya)

• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• maya – consisting of, made of, full of
  suffix (masculine)
  Denoting material or abundance

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another, other, different

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - another, other, different, distinct

Pronominal adjective

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, cosmic person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, cosmic person, spirit, soul (puruṣa)

तात (tāta) - dear son (as an address) (dear father, dear son, my child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, son, sir, dear (term of endearment, usually vocative)

कर्ममयः (karmamayaḥ) - consisting of action, full of action, characterized by action

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karmamaya

karmamaya - consisting of action (karma), full of action

Compound: karma (action) + maya (consisting of)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (karma+maya)

• karma – action, deed, work, ritual, fate, consequence of action (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do) + suffix man
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• maya – consisting of, made of, full of
  suffix (masculine)
  Denoting material or abundance

अपरः (aparaḥ) - the other, another

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, later, posterior, inferior

Pronominal adjective

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative

Root vid (2nd conjugation, parasmaipada), imperative mood, 2nd person singular

Root: vid (class 2)

चन्द्रमसम् (candramasam) - the moon

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of candramas

candramas - the moon

Compound of candra (moon) and mas (moon, month)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (candra+mas)

• candra – moon, shining, gleaming
  noun (masculine)
  From root cand (to shine)
  Root: cand (class 1)
• mas – moon, month
  noun (masculine)
  From root mā (to measure)
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Object of viddhi

दर्शे (darśe) - on the new moon day (darśa) (on the new moon day, at conjunction, in appearance)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of darśa

darśa - seeing, appearance, looking, new moon day (conjunction of sun and moon)

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सूक्ष्मया (sūkṣmayā) - by subtle, by fine

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sūkṣma

sūkṣma - subtle, minute, fine, delicate, intangible

Root: sūc (class 10)

कलया (kalayā) - by a subtle fraction (kalā) (by a digit, by a part, by a fraction)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kalā

kalā - a small part, a digit (of the moon, 1/16th), an art, an accomplishment, an aspect (kalā)

Root: kal (class 10)

स्थितम् (sthitam) - remaining present (situated, abiding, standing, remaining)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, abiding, existing, firm, steady

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand, to remain)

Root: sthā (class 1)