महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-233, verse-10

ये तु बुद्धिं परां प्राप्ता धर्मनैपुण्यदर्शिनः ।
न ते कर्म प्रशंसन्ति कूपं नद्यां पिबन्निव ॥१०॥

10. ye tu buddhiṁ parāṁ prāptā dharmanaipuṇyadarśinaḥ ,
na te karma praśaṁsanti kūpaṁ nadyāṁ pibanniva.

10. ye tu buddhim parām prāptāḥ dharmanipuṇyadarśinaḥ
na te karma praśaṃsanti kūpam nadyām piban iva

10. Indeed, those who have attained supreme understanding and discern the skill in (natural) law (dharma) do not praise ritual action (karma), just as one drinking from a river would not praise a well.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who, which

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - understanding, intellect, wisdom

• पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest, excellent

• प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - having obtained, attained

• धर्मनिपुण्यदर्शिनः (dharmanipuṇyadarśinaḥ) - those who perceive skill in (natural) law (dharma)

• न (na) - not, no

• ते (te) - they

• कर्म (karma) - ritual action (karma) (action, deed, ritual action, fate (karma))

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise, they commend

• कूपम् (kūpam) - well

• नद्याम् (nadyām) - in a river, from a river

• पिबन् (piban) - drinking

• इव (iva) - like, as, just as

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which

Note: From 'yad' stem, nominative plural masculine.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - understanding, intellect, wisdom

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, wisdom

Root: budh (class 1)

पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other

Note: Agrees with buddhim.

प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - having obtained, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, attained, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Refers to 'ye'.

धर्मनिपुण्यदर्शिनः (dharmanipuṇyadarśinaḥ) - those who perceive skill in (natural) law (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmanipuṇyadarśin

dharmanipuṇyadarśin - one who perceives skill in dharma, discerning in dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+nipunya+darśin)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• nipunya – skill, expertise, proficiency
  noun (neuter)
• darśin – seeing, perceiving, showing, one who sees
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'dṛś'
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ye'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'ye'.

कर्म (karma) - ritual action (karma) (action, deed, ritual action, fate (karma))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, work, fate

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'praśaṃsanti'.

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise, they commend

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

कूपम् (kūpam) - well

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kūpa

kūpa - well, pit

Note: Object of an implied verb 'praises'.

नद्याम् (nadyām) - in a river, from a river

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Indicates location where one drinks.

पिबन् (piban) - drinking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pibat

pibat - drinking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pā'

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'one' (e.g., a person).

इव (iva) - like, as, just as

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.