महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-229, verse-3

व्यास उवाच ।
यस्तु पश्येत्स्वभावेन विना भावमचेतनः ।
पुष्यते च पुनः सर्वान्प्रज्ञया मुक्तहेतुकः ॥३॥

3. vyāsa uvāca ,
yastu paśyetsvabhāvena vinā bhāvamacetanaḥ ,
puṣyate ca punaḥ sarvānprajñayā muktahetukaḥ.

3. vyāsa uvāca yaḥ tu paśyet svabhāvena vinā bhāvam
acetanaḥ puṣyate ca punaḥ sarvān prajñayā muktahetukaḥ

3. vyāsaḥ uvāca yaḥ tu svabhāvena vinā acetanaḥ bhāvam
paśyet ca punaḥ muktahetukaḥ prajñayā sarvān puṣyate

3. Vyasa said: But he who perceives the essence of being (bhāva) without his own intrinsic nature (svabhāva), remaining in a state beyond ordinary consciousness (acetana), and who, having liberation (mokṣa) as his motivation, subsequently nourishes all beings through spiritual wisdom (prajñā).

Words meanings summery:

• व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyasa (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• पश्येत् (paśyet) - should see, might see, would see, perceive

• स्वभावेन (svabhāvena) - by one's own nature, by inherent disposition (instrumental)

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• भावम् (bhāvam) - being, existence, essence, entity (accusative)

• अचेतनः (acetanaḥ) - In the context of the perceiver, it implies a state beyond ordinary egoic consciousness, a detached or impersonal consciousness. (non-conscious, insentient, inanimate)

• पुष्यते (puṣyate) - The subject (`yaḥ`) nourishes others. (he nourishes, he makes to flourish, is nourished (middle/passive))

• च (ca) - and, also

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, moreover

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - All beings, all entities. (all, whole (masculine accusative plural))

• प्रज्ञया (prajñayā) - Spiritual or transcendent wisdom. (by wisdom, by true knowledge, by discernment (instrumental))

• मुक्तहेतुकः (muktahetukaḥ) - having liberation (mokṣa) as the cause/motive

Words meanings and morphology

व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyasa (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyasa (name of a revered sage, traditionally the compiler of the Mahabharata and Puranas)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative (Lit)

3rd person singular, perfect tense (liṭ), active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

पश्येत् (paśyet) - should see, might see, would see, perceive

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dṛś

Optative Active

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice, root dṛś (paśya-stem)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्वभावेन (svabhāvena) - by one's own nature, by inherent disposition (instrumental)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svabhāva

svabhāva - one's own nature, intrinsic nature, inherent disposition, self-existence

Compound: sva + bhāva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhāva – being, existence, state, disposition, feeling, essence
  noun (masculine)
  from root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used with `vinā`.

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

भावम् (bhāvam) - being, existence, essence, entity (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - being, existence, state, disposition, feeling, essence

from root bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of `paśyet`.

अचेतनः (acetanaḥ) - In the context of the perceiver, it implies a state beyond ordinary egoic consciousness, a detached or impersonal consciousness. (non-conscious, insentient, inanimate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acetana

acetana - non-conscious, insentient, inanimate, unconscious, devoid of life/consciousness

compound: a + cetana

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+cetana)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• cetana – conscious, sentient, animate, thinking
  adjective (masculine)
  from root cit (to perceive, know)
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `yaḥ`.

पुष्यते (puṣyate) - The subject (`yaḥ`) nourishes others. (he nourishes, he makes to flourish, is nourished (middle/passive))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of puṣ

Present Middle/Passive Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, middle (ātmanepada) or passive voice, root puṣ

Root: puṣ (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, moreover

(indeclinable)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - All beings, all entities. (all, whole (masculine accusative plural))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Object of `puṣyate`.

प्रज्ञया (prajñayā) - Spiritual or transcendent wisdom. (by wisdom, by true knowledge, by discernment (instrumental))

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, true knowledge, discernment, insight

from root jñā (to know) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

मुक्तहेतुकः (muktahetukaḥ) - having liberation (mokṣa) as the cause/motive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muktahetuka

muktahetuka - having liberation as a cause, motivated by emancipation

Compound: mukta + hetu + ka (suffix for 'having')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mukta+hetu)

• mukta – liberated, released, free
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root muc (to release)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `yaḥ`.