महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-229, verse-13

आहुर्द्विबहुपादानि जङ्गमानि द्वयानि च ।
बहुपाद्भ्यो विशिष्टानि द्विपादानि बहून्यपि ॥१३॥

13. āhurdvibahupādāni jaṅgamāni dvayāni ca ,
bahupādbhyo viśiṣṭāni dvipādāni bahūnyapi.

13. āhuḥ dvi-bahu-pādāni jaṅgamāni dvayāni ca |
bahu-pādbhyaḥ viśiṣṭāni dvi-pādāni bahūni api

13. (te) jaṅgamāni dvi-bahu-pādāni dvayāni ca āhuḥ api
bahūni dvi-pādāni bahu-pādbhyaḥ viśiṣṭāni (bhavanti)

13. They declare that movable beings are of two kinds: two-footed and many-footed. Among these, the two-footed beings are superior to the many-footed ones, even when they are numerous.

Words meanings summery:

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they declare (referring to wise people or scriptures) (they say, they declare)

• द्वि-बहु-पादानि (dvi-bahu-pādāni) - having two or many feet (as characteristics) (two-footed and many-footed, having two or many feet)

• जङ्गमानि (jaṅgamāni) - movable beings (movables, moving beings)

• द्वयानि (dvayāni) - of two kinds (of two kinds, dual, twofold)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• बहु-पाद्भ्यः (bahu-pādbhyaḥ) - than many-footed beings (from those with many feet, than many-footed ones)

• विशिष्टानि (viśiṣṭāni) - superior (distinguished, excellent, superior, special)

• द्वि-पादानि (dvi-pādāni) - two-footed beings (two-footed)

• बहूनि (bahūni) - numerous (many, numerous)

• अपि (api) - even (though) (even, also, too, although)

Words meanings and morphology

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they declare (referring to wise people or scriptures) (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vac

Irregular perfect form, or present tense of root `brū` (to speak, say).

Root: vac (class 2)

द्वि-बहु-पादानि (dvi-bahu-pādāni) - having two or many feet (as characteristics) (two-footed and many-footed, having two or many feet)

(adjective)

neuter, plural of dvi-bahu-pāda

dvi-bahu-pāda - two-footed and many-footed

Compound.

Compound type : dvandva (dvi+bahu+pāda)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• pāda – foot, leg
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to `jaṅgamāni`.

जङ्गमानि (jaṅgamāni) - movable beings (movables, moving beings)

(adjective)

neuter, plural of jaṅgama

jaṅgama - movable, animate, living; (noun) an animal, a living being

Reduplicated form from root `gam` (to go), used as an adjective.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of `āhuḥ`, used as a noun.

द्वयानि (dvayāni) - of two kinds (of two kinds, dual, twofold)

(adjective)

neuter, plural of dvaya

dvaya - of two kinds, twofold, dual

From `dvi` (two) + `aya` suffix.

Note: Agrees with `jaṅgamāni`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, implicitly connecting the two types of feet.

बहु-पाद्भ्यः (bahu-pādbhyaḥ) - than many-footed beings (from those with many feet, than many-footed ones)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine/neuter, plural of bahu-pad

bahu-pad - many-footed

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+pad)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• pad – foot, leg
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates comparison, 'than'.

विशिष्टानि (viśiṣṭāni) - superior (distinguished, excellent, superior, special)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - distinguished, superior, excellent, specific

Past Passive Participle

From root `śiṣ` (to be eminent, to distinguish) with prefix `vi-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Agrees with `dvi-pādāni`.

द्वि-पादानि (dvi-pādāni) - two-footed beings (two-footed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dvi-pāda

dvi-pāda - two-footed

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pāda)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pāda – foot, leg
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the second clause, used as a noun.

बहूनि (bahūni) - numerous (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant

Note: Agrees with `dvi-pādāni`.

अपि (api) - even (though) (even, also, too, although)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing emphasis or concession.