महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-213, verse-15

न हृष्यति महत्यर्थे व्यसने च न शोचति ।
स वै परिमितप्रज्ञः स दान्तो द्विज उच्यते ॥१५॥

15. na hṛṣyati mahatyarthe vyasane ca na śocati ,
sa vai parimitaprajñaḥ sa dānto dvija ucyate.

15. na hṛṣyati mahati arthe vyasane ca na śocati |
saḥ vai parimitaprajñaḥ saḥ dāntaḥ dvijaḥ ucyate

15. (yaḥ) mahati arthe na hṛṣyati ca vyasane na śocati
saḥ vai parimitaprajñaḥ saḥ dāntaḥ dvijaḥ ucyate

15. He does not rejoice in great prosperity, nor does he grieve in adversity. Such a one, who possesses restrained wisdom, he is called a self-controlled (dāntaḥ) 'twice-born' (dvija).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• हृष्यति (hṛṣyati) - rejoices, is glad

• महति (mahati) - in a great (matter of) / (period of) (in a great, in a large)

• अर्थे (arthe) - in great prosperity/gain (in a matter, in a purpose, in wealth, in gain)

• व्यसने (vyasane) - in misfortune, in calamity, in adversity

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• परिमितप्रज्ञः (parimitaprajñaḥ) - one whose wisdom is measured/restrained

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-controlled, subdued, restrained

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born (Brahmin) (twice-born, Brahmin)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said, is named

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हृष्यति (hṛṣyati) - rejoices, is glad

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hṛṣ

present active

Third person singular, present tense, parasmaipada

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

महति (mahati) - in a great (matter of) / (period of) (in a great, in a large)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Agrees with 'arthe'

अर्थे (arthe) - in great prosperity/gain (in a matter, in a purpose, in wealth, in gain)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, wealth, gain, matter

व्यसने (vyasane) - in misfortune, in calamity, in adversity

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, adversity, vice, ruin

Prefixes: vi+as

Root: as (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

present active

Third person singular, present tense, parasmaipada

Root: śuc (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

परिमितप्रज्ञः (parimitaprajñaḥ) - one whose wisdom is measured/restrained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parimitaprajña

parimitaprajña - one whose wisdom is measured, restrained, or limited

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parimita+prajñā)

• parimita – measured, limited, restrained, moderate
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mā (to measure) with prefixes pari
  Prefix: pari
  Root: mā (class 2)
• prajñā – wisdom, intelligence, insight, knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-controlled, subdued, restrained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dānta

dānta - subdued, self-controlled, calm, patient

Past Passive Participle

From root dam (to subdue, control)

Root: dam (class 4)

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born (Brahmin) (twice-born, Brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya, bird, tooth)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Here refers to a Brahmin, having a physical birth and a spiritual (initiation) birth.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said, is named

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

present passive

Third person singular, present tense, ātmanepada (passive voice)

Root: vac (class 2)