महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-209, verse-16

एवं हि तपसा युक्तमर्कवत्तमसः परम् ।
त्रैलोक्यप्रकृतिर्देही तपसा तं महेश्वरम् ॥१६॥

16. evaṁ hi tapasā yuktamarkavattamasaḥ param ,
trailokyaprakṛtirdehī tapasā taṁ maheśvaram.

16. evam hi tapasā yuktam arkavat tamasaḥ param |
trailokyāprakṛtiḥ dehī tapasā tam maheśvaram

16. hi evam tapasā yuktam arkavat tamasaḥ param
dehī trailokyāprakṛtiḥ tapasā tam maheśvaram

16. Indeed, thus, (that which is) endowed with asceticism (tapas), like the sun and beyond darkness, (leads to the state where) the embodied being, who embodies the intrinsic nature (prakṛti) of the three worlds, through asceticism (tapas) attains that great lord (Maheśvara).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas) (by penance, by asceticism, through spiritual austerity)

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - endowed with (joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate)

• अर्कवत् (arkavat) - like the sun (like the sun, sun-like)

• तमसः (tamasaḥ) - from darkness (from darkness, of darkness)

• परम् (param) - beyond (supreme, highest, beyond, next)

• त्रैलोक्याप्रकृतिः (trailokyāprakṛtiḥ) - the intrinsic nature (prakṛti) of the three worlds (the nature of the three worlds, the intrinsic nature of the three realms)

• देही (dehī) - the embodied being (embodied being, living being, individual soul)

• तपसा (tapasā) - through asceticism (tapas) (by penance, by asceticism, through spiritual austerity)

• तम् (tam) - that (him, that)

• महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - that great lord (Maheśvara) (the great lord, a name for Śiva)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas) (by penance, by asceticism, through spiritual austerity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity, heat

युक्तम् (yuktam) - endowed with (joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, fit, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj with kta suffix.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Here, it acts as a predicate for an implied neuter subject or refers to a general state.

अर्कवत् (arkavat) - like the sun (like the sun, sun-like)

(indeclinable)

Formed from arka (sun) + -vat (like, possessing).

तमसः (tamasaḥ) - from darkness (from darkness, of darkness)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, ignorance, gloom, one of the three guṇas

परम् (param) - beyond (supreme, highest, beyond, next)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, distant, supreme, highest, ultimate

Note: Here, it acts as a predicate for an implied neuter subject or refers to a general state.

त्रैलोक्याप्रकृतिः (trailokyāprakṛtiḥ) - the intrinsic nature (prakṛti) of the three worlds (the nature of the three worlds, the intrinsic nature of the three realms)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of trailokyāprakṛti

trailokyāprakṛti - the intrinsic nature of the three worlds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trailokya+prakṛti)

• trailokya – the three worlds/realms (heaven, earth, and netherworld)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from tri (three) and loka (world).
• prakṛti – nature, origin, intrinsic nature, primary matter (prakṛti)
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: In apposition to 'dehī', despite gender mismatch, common in descriptive Sanskrit.

देही (dehī) - the embodied being (embodied being, living being, individual soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dehin

dehin - embodied, having a body, a living being, the individual soul (ātman)

Derived from deha (body).

तपसा (tapasā) - through asceticism (tapas) (by penance, by asceticism, through spiritual austerity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity, heat

तम् (tam) - that (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - that great lord (Maheśvara) (the great lord, a name for Śiva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - the great lord, a supreme lord, a name of Śiva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)