महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-209, verse-1

गुरुरुवाच ।
निष्कल्मषं ब्रह्मचर्यमिच्छता चरितुं सदा ।
निद्रा सर्वात्मना त्याज्या स्वप्नदोषानवेक्षता ॥१॥

1. gururuvāca ,
niṣkalmaṣaṁ brahmacaryamicchatā carituṁ sadā ,
nidrā sarvātmanā tyājyā svapnadoṣānavekṣatā.

1. guruḥ uvāca niṣkalmaṣam brahmacaryam icchata caritum
sadā nidrā sarva-ātmanā tyājyā svapna-doṣān avekṣatā

1. guruḥ uvāca niṣkalmaṣam brahmacaryam sadā caritum
icchata svapna-doṣān avekṣatā nidrā sarva-ātmanā tyājyā

1. The Guru (guru) said: For one who wishes to always practice pure (niṣkalmaṣa) celibacy (brahmacarya), and who contemplates the faults associated with dreams, sleep must be entirely abandoned.

Words meanings summery:

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - The spiritual teacher (guru) (teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• निष्कल्मषम् (niṣkalmaṣam) - pure, unstained (stainless, faultless, pure)

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy (brahmacarya) (celibacy, studenthood, chaste conduct)

• इच्छत (icchata) - by one wishing (to practice) (by one wishing, for one desiring)

• चरितुम् (caritum) - to practice, to perform (to practice, to move, to behave)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, constantly)

• निद्रा (nidrā) - sleep (sleep, slumber)

• सर्व-आत्मना (sarva-ātmanā) - entirely, completely (by all means, entirely, completely)

• त्याज्या (tyājyā) - must be abandoned (to be abandoned, to be given up)

• स्वप्न-दोषान् (svapna-doṣān) - faults associated with dreams (faults of dreams, defects of sleep)

• अवेक्षता (avekṣatā) - by one who contemplates, considers (by one considering, by one observing)

Words meanings and morphology

गुरुः (guruḥ) - The spiritual teacher (guru) (teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, venerable

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

निष्कल्मषम् (niṣkalmaṣam) - pure, unstained (stainless, faultless, pure)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niṣkalmaṣa

niṣkalmaṣa - stainless, faultless, pure, sinless

from niṣ (out of, without) + kalmaṣa (stain, impurity)

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy (brahmacarya) (celibacy, studenthood, chaste conduct)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, studenthood, chaste life, religious student

Root: car (class 1)

इच्छत (icchata) - by one wishing (to practice) (by one wishing, for one desiring)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - wishing, desiring

Present Active Participle

from root iṣ (to wish), present stem icch

Root: iṣ (class 6)

चरितुम् (caritum) - to practice, to perform (to practice, to move, to behave)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

from root car (to move, to practice)

Root: car (class 1)

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, constantly)

(indeclinable)

निद्रा (nidrā) - sleep (sleep, slumber)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nidrā

nidrā - sleep, slumber

Root: drā (class 2)

सर्व-आत्मना (sarva-ātmanā) - entirely, completely (by all means, entirely, completely)

(indeclinable)

can also mean 'entirely' when in instrumental

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+ātman)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  pronoun
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Adverbial usage

त्याज्या (tyājyā) - must be abandoned (to be abandoned, to be given up)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tyājya

tyājya - to be abandoned, to be given up, rejectable

Gerundive

from root tyaj (to abandon)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

स्वप्न-दोषान् (svapna-doṣān) - faults associated with dreams (faults of dreams, defects of sleep)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svapna-doṣa

svapna-doṣa - fault of a dream, defect of sleep

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (svapna+doṣa)

• svapna – sleep, dream
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, error
  noun (masculine)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of 'avekṣatā'

अवेक्षता (avekṣatā) - by one who contemplates, considers (by one considering, by one observing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avekṣat

avekṣat - considering, observing, perceiving

Present Active Participle

from ava-īkṣ (to look at, consider)

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)