महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-209, verse-10

ततस्तमुपवर्तन्ते गुणा राजसतामसाः ।
सात्त्विको वा यथायोगमानन्तर्यफलोदयः ॥१०॥

10. tatastamupavartante guṇā rājasatāmasāḥ ,
sāttviko vā yathāyogamānantaryaphalodayaḥ.

10. tataḥ tam upavartante guṇāḥ rājasatāmasāḥ
sāttvikaḥ vā yathāyogam ānantaryaphalodayaḥ

10. tataḥ rājasatāmasāḥ guṇāḥ tam upavartante
vā sāttvikaḥ yathāyogam ānantaryaphalodayaḥ

10. Consequently, the rajasic and tamasic qualities (guṇas) or the sattvic quality (guṇa), in due measure, turn towards that individual, with the latter bringing about an immediate manifestation of results.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, thence

• तम् (tam) - the desire-natured individual mentioned previously (him, that (person))

• उपवर्तन्ते (upavartante) - they turn towards, they approach, they manifest

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - the qualities, the guṇas

• राजसतामसाः (rājasatāmasāḥ) - qualities characterized by rajas (passion, activity) and tamas (darkness, inertia) (rajasic and tamasic)

• सात्त्विकः (sāttvikaḥ) - the quality characterized by sattva (goodness, purity) (the sattvic one (quality))

• वा (vā) - or

• यथायोगम् (yathāyogam) - as is proper, appropriately, in due course

• आनन्तर्यफलोदयः (ānantaryaphalodayaḥ) - whose fruit arises immediately, immediate manifestation of results

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, thence

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverbial particle

तम् (tam) - the desire-natured individual mentioned previously (him, that (person))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of `upavartante`.

उपवर्तन्ते (upavartante) - they turn towards, they approach, they manifest

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of √vṛt

present tense, middle voice

1st class root, ātmanepada

Prefix: upa

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject is `guṇāḥ`.

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - the qualities, the guṇas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas)

Note: Subject of `upavartante`.

राजसतामसाः (rājasatāmasāḥ) - qualities characterized by rajas (passion, activity) and tamas (darkness, inertia) (rajasic and tamasic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājasatāmasa

rājasatāmasa - related to rajas and tamas

Formed from `rajas` and `tamas`

Compound type : dvandva (rājasa+tāmasa)

• rājasa – of or relating to rajas (passion, activity)
  adjective
• tāmasa – of or relating to tamas (darkness, inertia)
  adjective

Note: Plural form describing `guṇāḥ`.

सात्त्विकः (sāttvikaḥ) - the quality characterized by sattva (goodness, purity) (the sattvic one (quality))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāttvika

sāttvika - of or relating to sattva (goodness, purity)

Formed from `sattva`

Note: Alternative subject. Implicitly, `guṇaḥ` (singular) is understood.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects `rājasatāmasāḥ` and `sāttvikaḥ`.

यथायोगम् (yathāyogam) - as is proper, appropriately, in due course

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+yoga)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• yoga – union, method, propriety, fitness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies `upavartante` (implied with `sāttvikaḥ`).

आनन्तर्यफलोदयः (ānantaryaphalodayaḥ) - whose fruit arises immediately, immediate manifestation of results

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ānantaryaphalodaya

ānantaryaphalodaya - immediate rise of results, whose fruits arise immediately

Compound noun

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa followed by karmadhāraya (ānantarya+phala+udaya)

• ānantarya – immediacy, immediate succession
  noun (neuter)
  From anantara + ṣyañ
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)
• udaya – rise, coming forth, manifestation
  noun (masculine)
  From `ud` + `i`
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (guṇa or its effect).